C++ //习题 12.4 写一个程序，定义抽象基类Shape，由它派生出3个派生类：Circle（圆形）、Rectangle（矩形）、Triangle（三角形），用一个函数printArea分别输出

C++程序设计 （第三版） 谭浩强 习题12.4

习题 12.4 写一个程序，定义抽象基类Shape，由它派生出3个派生类：Circle（圆形）、Rectangle（矩形）、Triangle（三角形），用一个函数printArea分别输出以上三者的面积，3个图形的数据在定义对象时给定。

IDE工具：VS2010

Note: 使用不同的IDE工具可能有部分差异。

 

代码块：

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

const double PI = 3.14159;

class Shape{
public:
	Shape(){}
	virtual ~Shape(){}
	virtual void input() = 0;
	virtual void printArea() const = 0;
};

class Circle: public Shape{
public:
	Circle(){radius = 0.0;}
	~Circle(){}
	Circle(double r): radius(r){}
	virtual void input();
	virtual void printArea() const;

protected:
	double radius;
};

void Circle::input(){
	cout<<"Enter Circle Radius: ";
	cin>>radius;
	cout<<endl;
}

void Circle::printArea() const{
	cout<<setiosflags(ios::fixed)<<setprecision(2);
	cout<<"Circle Area = "<<PI * radius *radius<<endl<<endl;
}

class Rectangle: public Shape{
public:
	Rectangle(){length = 0.0; width = 0.0;}
	~Rectangle(){}
	Rectangle(double l, double w): length(l), width(w){}
	virtual void input();
	virtual void printArea() const;

protected:
	double length;
	double width;
};

void Rectangle::input(){
	cout<<"Enter Rectangle Length: ";
	cin>>length;
	cout<<"Enter Rectangle Width: ";
	cin>>width;
	cout<<endl;
}

void Rectangle::printArea() const{
	cout<<setiosflags(ios::fixed)<<setprecision(2);
	cout<<"Rectangle Area = "<<length * width<<endl<<endl;
}

class Triangle: public Shape{
public:
	Triangle(){base = 0.0; height = 0.0;}
	~Triangle(){}
	Triangle(double b, double h): base(b), height(h){}
	virtual void input();
	virtual void printArea() const;

protected:
	double base;
	double height;
};

void Triangle::input(){
	cout<<"Enter Triangle Base Side: ";
	cin>>base;
	cout<<"Enter Triagnle Height: ";
	cin>>height;
	cout<<endl;
}

void Triangle::printArea() const{
	cout<<setiosflags(ios::fixed)<<setprecision(2);
	cout<<"Triangle Area = "<<(base * height) / 2.0<<endl<<endl;
}

void function(Shape *pt, Circle *c, Rectangle *r, Triangle *t){
	pt = c;
	c->input();
	c->printArea();

	pt = r;
	r->input();
	r->printArea();

	pt = t;
	t->input();
	t->printArea();
}

int main(){
	Circle c;
	Rectangle r;
	Triangle t;

	Shape *pt = NULL;
	function(pt, &c, &r, &t);

	system("pause");
	return 0;
}