这个是需要我们了解的
javascript 操作网页上元素 文档元素 文件对象模型 Document Object Model,简称DOM
alert 警告 就是在我们输入信息的时候 出错弹出的窗口 或者 提示什么的时候弹出的窗口
1.写在网页中
a.直接写在事件名称后面
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script language="javascript">
</script>
</head>
<body>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="1.css"/>
<form>
输入姓名<input type="text">
<input type="button" value="问候" οnclick="alert('你好!');">
</form>
</body>
</html>
b.做成函数写在head中
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script language="javascript">
function sayHello()
{
alert("hello !" + document.forms[0].xm.value);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="1.css"/>
<form>
输入姓名<input type="text" name="xm">
<input type="button" value="问候" οnclick="sayHello()">
</form>
</body>
</html>
2.存在于单独的js文件
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="1.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<form>
输入姓名<input type="text" name="xm">
<input type="button" value="问候" οnclick="sayHello()">
</form>
</body>
</html>
// JavaScript Document
function sayHello()
{
alert("hello !!!" + document.forms[0].xm.value);
}
3.没有表单<form>找元素
通过name
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="1.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
输入姓名<input type="text" name="xm">
<input type="button" value="问候" οnclick="sayHello()">
</body>
</html>
// JavaScript Document
function sayHello()
{
alert("你好 !!!" + document.getElementsByName("xm")[0].value);
}
通过id
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="1.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
输入姓名<input type="text" id="xm">
<input type="button" value="问候" οnclick="sayHello()">
</body>
</html>
// JavaScript Document
function sayHello()
{
alert("你好 !!!" + document.getElementsByName("xm")[0].value);
}