三：字符串转化成整数

int StrToInt(const char *str)
{
    static const int MAX_INT = (int)((unsigned)~0 >> 1);
    static const int MIN_INT = -(int)((unsigned)~0 >> 1) - 1;
    unsigned int n = 0;
    // 判断输入是否为空
    if (str == 0)
    {
        return 0;
    }
    // 处理空格
    while (isspace(*str))
    {
        ++str;
    }
    // 处理正负
    int sign = 1;
    if (*str == '+' || *str == '-')
    {
        if (*str == '-')
        {
            sign = -1;
        }
        ++str;
    }
    // 确定是数字后才执行循环
    while (isdigit(*str))
    {
        // 处理溢出
        int c = *str - '0';
        if (sign > 0 && (n > MAX_INT / 10 || (n == MAX_INT / 10 && c > MAX_INT % 10)))
        {
            n = MAX_INT;
            break;
        }
        else if (sign < 0 && (n > (unsigned)MIN_INT / 10 || (n == (unsigned)MIN_INT / 10 && c > (unsigned)MIN_INT % 10)))
        {
            n = MIN_INT;
            break;
        }
        // 把之前得到的数字乘以10， 再加上当前字符表示的数字
        n = n * 10 + c;
        ++str;
    }
    return sign > 0 ? n : -n;
}