目录
SaltStack之return与job管理
SaltStack组件之return
return组件可以理解为SaltStack系统对执行Minion返回后的数据进行存储或者返回给其他程序,它支持多种存储方式,比如用MySQL、MongoDB、Redis、Memcache等,通过return我们可以对SaltStack的每次操作进行记录,对以后日志审计提供了数据来源。目前官方已经支持30种return数据存储与接口,我们可以很方便的配置与使用它。当然也支持自己定义的return,自定义的return需由python来编写。在选择和配置好要使用的return后,只需在salt命令后面指定return即可。
[root@master ~]# salt node1 sys.list_returners
node1:
- carbon
- couchdb
- etcd
- highstate
- local
- local_cache
- mattermost
- multi_returner
- pushover
- rawfile_json
- slack
- slack_webhook
- smtp
- splunk
- sqlite3
- syslog
- telegram
return流程
return是在Master端触发任务,然后Minion接受处理任务后直接与return存储服务器建立连接,然后把数据return存到存储服务器。关于这点一定要注意,因为此过程都是Minion端操作存储服务器,所以要确保Minion端的配置跟依赖包是正确的,这意味着我们将必须在每个Minion上安装指定的return方式依赖包,假如使用Mysql作
使用mysql作为return存储方式
在所有minion上安装python3-PyMySQL模块
[root@master ~]# salt '*' pkg.install python3-PyMySQL
部署一台mysql服务器用作存储服务器
[root@node2 ~]# dnf -y install mariadb-server mariadb
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
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CentOS-8 - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com 63 kB/s | 9.6 MB 02:36
Salt repo for RHEL/CentOS 8 PY3 6.8 kB/s | 245 kB 00:35
软件包 mariadb-server-3:10.3.28-1.module_el8.3.0+757+d382997d.x86_64 已安装。
软件包 mariadb-3:10.3.28-1.module_el8.3.0+757+d382997d.x86_64 已安装。
依赖关系解决。
无需任何处理。
完毕!
#创建数据库和表结构
[root@node2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE `salt`
-> DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8
-> DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use salt
Database changed
MariaDB [salt]> CREATE TABLE `jids` (
-> `jid` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
-> `load` mediumtext NOT NULL,
-> UNIQUE KEY `jid` (`jid`)
-> ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
MariaDB [salt]> CREATE TABLE `salt_returns` (
-> `fun` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
-> `jid` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
-> `return` mediumtext NOT NULL,
-> `id` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
-> `success` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
-> `full_ret` mediumtext NOT NULL,
-> `alter_time` TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
-> KEY `id` (`id`),
-> KEY `jid` (`jid`),
-> KEY `fun` (`fun`)
-> ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.006 sec)
MariaDB [salt]> grant all on salt.* to salt@'%' identified by 'salt';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [salt]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
配置minion
[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/salt/minion
mysql.host: '192.168.8.132'
mysql.user: 'salt'
mysql.pass: 'salt'
mysql.db: 'salt'
mysql.port: 3306
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl restart salt-minion.service
在Master上测试存储到mysql中
[root@master ~]# salt node1 test.ping --return mysql
node1:
True
在数据库中查询
MariaDB [salt]> select * from salt_returns\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
fun: test.ping
jid: 20211105075423272846
return: true
id: node1
success: 1
full_ret: {"success": true, "return": true, "retcode": 0, "jid": "20211105075423272846", "fun": "test.ping", "fun_args": [], "id": "node1"}
alter_time: 2021-11-05 23:54:26
1 row in set (0.001 sec)
job cache
job cache流程
return时是由Minion直接与存储服务器进行交互,因此需要在每台Minion上安装指定的存储方式的模块,比如python-mysql,那么我们能否直接在Master上就把返回的结果给存储到存储服务器呢?
答案是肯定的,这种方式被称作 job cache 。意思是当Minion将结果返回给Master后,由Master将结果给缓存在本地,然后将缓存的结果给存储到指定的存储服务器,比如存储到mysql中。
使用mysql作为job cache数据存储
部署一台mysql服务器用作存储服务器
[root@node2 ~]# dnf -y install mariadb-server mariadb
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
CentOS-8 - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com 63 kB/s | 9.6 MB 02:36
Salt repo for RHEL/CentOS 8 PY3 6.8 kB/s | 245 kB 00:35
软件包 mariadb-server-3:10.3.28-1.module_el8.3.0+757+d382997d.x86_64 已安装。
软件包 mariadb-3:10.3.28-1.module_el8.3.0+757+d382997d.x86_64 已安装。
依赖关系解决。
无需任何处理。
完毕!
#创建数据库和表结构
[root@node2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE `salt`
-> DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8
-> DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use salt
Database changed
MariaDB [salt]> CREATE TABLE `jids` (
-> `jid` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
-> `load` mediumtext NOT NULL,
-> UNIQUE KEY `jid` (`jid`)
-> ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
MariaDB [salt]> CREATE TABLE `salt_returns` (
-> `fun` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
-> `jid` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
-> `return` mediumtext NOT NULL,
-> `id` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
-> `success` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
-> `full_ret` mediumtext NOT NULL,
-> `alter_time` TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
-> KEY `id` (`id`),
-> KEY `jid` (`jid`),
-> KEY `fun` (`fun`)
-> ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.006 sec)
MariaDB [salt]> grant all on salt.* to salt@'%' identified by 'salt';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [salt]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
开启master端的master_job_cache
[root@master ~]# yum -y install python3-PyMySQL
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/salt/master
#job_cache: True
master_job_cache: mysql
mysql.host: '192.168.8.132'
mysql.user: 'salt'
mysql.pass: 'salt'
mysql.db: 'salt'
mysql.port: 3306
[root@master ~]# systemctl restart salt-master.service
在数据库服务器中清空表内容
[root@master ~]# salt node1 cmd.run 'df -h'
node1:
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 883M 0 883M 0% /dev
tmpfs 901M 40K 901M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 901M 8.7M 892M 1% /run
tmpfs 901M 0 901M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 17G 2.4G 15G 15% /
/dev/nvme0n1p1 1014M 179M 836M 18% /boot
tmpfs 181M 0 181M 0% /run/user/0
在数据库中查询
MariaDB [salt]> select * from salt.salt_returns\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
fun: cmd.run
jid: 20211105082821979139
return: "Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on\ndevtmpfs 883M 0 883M 0% /dev\ntmpfs 901M 40K 901M 1% /dev/shm\ntmpfs 901M 8.7M 892M 1% /run\ntmpfs 901M 0 901M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup\n/dev/mapper/rhel-root 17G 2.4G 15G 15% /\n/dev/nvme0n1p1 1014M 179M 836M 18% /boot\ntmpfs 181M 0 181M 0% /run/user/0"
id: node1
success: 1
full_ret: {"cmd": "_return", "id": "node1", "success": true, "return": "Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on\ndevtmpfs 883M 0 883M 0% /dev\ntmpfs 901M 40K 901M 1% /dev/shm\ntmpfs 901M 8.7M 892M 1% /run\ntmpfs 901M 0 901M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup\n/dev/mapper/rhel-root 17G 2.4G 15G 15% /\n/dev/nvme0n1p1 1014M 179M 836M 18% /boot\ntmpfs 181M 0 181M 0% /run/user/0", "retcode": 0, "jid": "20211105082821979139", "fun": "cmd.run", "fun_args": ["df -h"], "_stamp": "2021-11-05T08:28:22.522379"}
alter_time: 2021-11-06 00:28:20
job管理
获取任务的jid
[root@master ~]# salt node1 cmd.run 'uptime' -v
Executing job with jid 20211105083102466745 #此处就是此命令的jid
-------------------------------------------
node1:
00:31:01 up 2:39, 1 user, load average: 0.01, 0.01, 0.00
通过jid获取此任务的返回结果
[root@master ~]# salt-run jobs.lookup_jid 20211105083102466745
node1:
00:31:01 up 2:39, 1 user, load average: 0.01, 0.01, 0.00