Libevent群：很值得体会的bufferevent+evconnlistener

//说明，为了使我们的代码兼容win32网络API，我们使用evutil_socket_t代替int，使用evutil_make_socket_nonblocking代替fcntl
/* For sockaddr_in */
#include <netinet/in.h>
/* For socket functions */
#include <sys/socket.h>
/* For fcntl */
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <event2/event.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#define MAX_LINE 80

void do_read(evutil_socket_t fd, short events, void *arg);
void do_write(evutil_socket_t fd, short events, void *arg);

char rot13_char(char c)
{
    /* We don't want to use isalpha here; setting the locale would change
     * which characters are considered alphabetical. */
    if ((c >= 'a' && c <= 'm') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'M'))
        return c + 13;
    else if ((c >= 'n' && c <= 'z') || (c >= 'N' && c <= 'Z'))
        return c - 13;
    else
        return c;
}

struct fd_state {
    char buffer[MAX_LINE];
    size_t buffer_used;

    size_t n_written;
    size_t write_upto;

    struct event *read_event;
    struct event *write_event;
};

struct fd_state * alloc_fd_state(struct event_base *base, evutil_socket_t fd)
{
    struct fd_state *state = (struct fd_state *)malloc(sizeof(struct fd_state));
    if (!state)
        return NULL;

    state->read_event = event_new(base, fd, EV_READ|EV_PERSIST, do_read, state);
    if (!state->read_event)
    {
        free(state);
        return NULL;
    }

    state->write_event = event_new(base, fd, EV_WRITE|EV_PERSIST, do_write, state);
    if (!state->write_event)
    {
        event_free(state->read_event);
        free(state);
        return NULL;
    }

    state->buffer_used = state->n_written = state->write_upto = 0;

    assert(state->write_event);
    return state;
}

void free_fd_state(struct fd_state *state)
{
    event_free(state->read_event);
    event_free(state->write_event);
    free(state);
}

void do_read(evutil_socket_t fd, short events, void *arg)
{
    struct fd_state *state = (struct fd_state *)arg;
    char buf[20];
    int i;
    ssize_t result;
    printf("\ncome in do_read: fd: %d, state->buffer_used: %d, sizeof(state->buffer): %d\n", fd, state->buffer_used, sizeof(state->buffer));
    while (1)
    {
        assert(state->write_event);
        result = recv(fd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
        if (result <= 0)
            break;
        printf("recv once, fd: %d, recv size: %d, recv buff: %s\n", fd, result, buf);

        for (i=0; i < result; ++i)
        {
            if (state->buffer_used < sizeof(state->buffer))//如果读事件的缓冲区还未满，将收到的数据做转换
                state->buffer[state->buffer_used++] = rot13_char(buf[i]);
//              state->buffer[state->buffer_used++] = buf[i];//接收什么发送什么，不经过转换，测试用
            if (buf[i] == '\n') //如果遇到换行，添加写事件，并设置写事件的大小
            {
                assert(state->write_event);
                event_add(state->write_event, NULL);
                state->write_upto = state->buffer_used;
                printf("遇到换行符，state->write_upto: %d, state->buffer_used: %d\n",state->write_upto, state->buffer_used);
            }
        }
        printf("recv once, state->buffer_used: %d\n", state->buffer_used);
}

    //判断最后一次接收的字节数
    if (result == 0)
    {
        free_fd_state(state);
    }
    else if (result < 0)
    {
        if (errno == EAGAIN) // XXXX use evutil macro
            return;
        perror("recv");
        free_fd_state(state);
    }
}

void do_write(evutil_socket_t fd, short events, void *arg)
{
    struct fd_state *state = (struct fd_state *)arg;

    printf("\ncome in do_write, fd: %d, state->n_written: %d, state->write_upto: %d\n",fd, state->n_written, state->write_upto);
    while (state->n_written < state->write_upto)
    {
        ssize_t result = send(fd, state->buffer + state->n_written, state->write_upto - state->n_written, 0);
        if (result < 0) {
            if (errno == EAGAIN) // XXX use evutil macro
                return;
            free_fd_state(state);
            return;
        }
        assert(result != 0);

        state->n_written += result;
        printf("send fd: %d, send size: %d, state->n_written: %d\n", fd, result, state->n_written);
    }

    if (state->n_written == state->buffer_used)
    {
        printf("state->n_written == state->buffer_used: %d\n", state->n_written);
        state->n_written = state->write_upto = state->buffer_used = 1;
        printf("state->n_written = state->write_upto = state->buffer_used = 1\n");
    }

    event_del(state->write_event);
}

void do_accept(evutil_socket_t listener, short event, void *arg)
{
    struct event_base *base = (struct event_base *)arg;
    struct sockaddr_storage ss;
    socklen_t slen = sizeof(ss);
    int fd = accept(listener, (struct sockaddr*)&ss, &slen);
    if (fd < 0)
    { // XXXX eagain??
        perror("accept");
    }
    else if (fd > FD_SETSIZE)
    {
        close(fd); // XXX replace all closes with EVUTIL_CLOSESOCKET */
    }
    else
    {
        struct fd_state *state;
        evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(fd);
        state = alloc_fd_state(base, fd);
        assert(state); /*XXX err*/
        assert(state->write_event);
        event_add(state->read_event, NULL);
    }
}

void run(void)
{
    evutil_socket_t listener;
    struct sockaddr_in sin;
    struct event_base *base;
    struct event *listener_event;

    base = event_base_new();//初始化libevent
    if (!base)
        return; /*XXXerr*/

    sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
    sin.sin_addr.s_addr = 0;//本机
    sin.sin_port = htons(8000);

    listener = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(listener);

    if (bind(listener, (struct sockaddr*)&sin, sizeof(sin)) < 0)
    {
        perror("bind");
        return;
    }
    if (listen(listener, 16)<0)
    {
        perror("listen");
        return;
}
    listener_event = event_new(base, listener, EV_READ|EV_PERSIST, do_accept, (void*)base);
    /*XXX check it */
    event_add(listener_event, NULL);
    event_base_dispatch(base);
}
int main(int c, char **v)
{
//    setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
    run();
    return 0;
}