ssession和servletContext的比较，Servlet实现访问次数的例子

一、什么是servletContext：   
      servletContext可以理解为服务器端的一个共享空间，它可以被所有的客户端访问。基于这种特性，我们就可以利用servletContext做计数器等应用。
我们用个图来描述cookie、session、servletContext的区别

//ShowTimesServlet.java /*Servlet实现访问次数的例子!*/

import java.io.*;

import java.util.zip.*;

import javax.servlet.*;

import javax.servlet.http.*;

/*

这个类实现访问次数。显示访问次数！看是第几次访问！

*/

public class ShowTimesServlet extends HttpServlet {

   

public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)

                             throws ServletException, java.io.IOException {

 

                        response.setContentType(" text/html");

      HttpSession session = request.getSession();

      String heading;

      Integer accessCount =(Integer)session.getAttribute(" accessCount");

     if(accessCount == null) {

        accessCount = new Integer(0);

      heading = " Welcom,You are first time to visit!";

      }

     else {

        heading = " Welcome Backer";

        accessCount = new Integer(accessCount.intValue()+1);

      }

            session.setAttribute(" accessCount",accessCount);

      PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

      out.println(" The title:"+heading);

      out.println(" Access count: "+accessCount);

}

   

public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)

                             throws ServletException, java.io.IOException {

    doGet(request,response);

}    

}

下面是通过servleContext来做访问次数

Java代码

package org.linweihan.test;

   

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.PrintWriter;

   

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

   

public class TestServletContext extends HttpServlet {

   

@Override

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();

    Integer accessCount =(Integer)servletContext.getAttribute(" accessCount");

  if(accessCount == null){

      accessCount = 0;

}else{

      accessCount = accessCount + 1;

         

    }

    servletContext.setAttribute(" accessCount", accessCount);

    PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

    out.println(" < html> < body> < h2> "+accessCount+" < /body> < /html> ");

}       

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {         

}

}

区别在于session是局部的,servletContext是共享的.
当换了另一个窗口开始访问又从0开始计数,而servletContext则是接下去计数.

 

    上图中，下面的A、B、C是代表客户端的cookie，服务器端的A、B、C代表session，D代表servletContext。

二、怎样使用ServletContext
   1、首先得到ServletContext
      this.getServletContext();
    2、ServletContext也是和session一样像一张表，分为属性、值
      添加属性：setAttribute(String name,Object obj);
      得到值：getAttribute(String name);
      删除属性：removeAttribute(String name);
   3、生命周期
      ServletContext中的属性的生命周期从创建开始，到服务器关闭而结束