用java实现word文档指定文字字体替换

前段时间接到一个需求，要把一个java生成的word文档转换成PDF。本来挺简单的事儿，结果发现转换之后的文档中不展示生僻字，检查了半天才发现是因为word文档的字体不包含生僻字，而我们还不能换成别的字体，经过与客户商议，决定word文档的整体的字体不能改变，但是生僻字的字体是可以改为宋体的。但是这就带来一个问题——如何替换word文档中随机出现的生僻字的字体呢？联想到之前做过的一个解析word文档的功能，我想到了一个办法——把识别到的生僻字用宋体的字体标签围住，然后重新组合成word文档。想到就做，以下是关键代码：

package com.example.sb_1;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import java.io.*;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.zip.ZipEntry;
import java.util.zip.ZipFile;
import java.util.zip.ZipOutputStream;

@Slf4j
public class XmlUtil {
    public static String dealRareWords(String wordUrl, String targetUrl, String busId, Map<String, Object> dataMap) {
        StringBuilder lessWords = new StringBuilder();
        String[] strs;
        File file;
        ZipFile docxFile;
        ZipEntry documentXML;
        InputStream documentXMLIS;
        InputStreamReader isr = null;
        FileOutputStream fos = null;
        PrintWriter pw = null;
        BufferedReader br = null;
        String newDocx = "";
        DocumentBuilderFactory dbf;
        Document doc;
        DocumentBuilderFactory dbfCopy;
        Document docCopy;
        try {
            //扫描数据中的生僻字，dataMap里面是word文档里面已经识别到的所有文字
            for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : dataMap.entrySet()) {
                strs = JSONObject.toJSONString(entry.getValue()).split("");
                //遍历识别所有的生僻字，放入lessWords
                for (String str : strs) {
                    if (str.equals(new String(str.getBytes("gb18030"), "gb2312"))) {
                        lessWords.append(str).append(",");
                    }
                }
            }
            String words = lessWords.length() == 0 ? "" : lessWords.substring(0, lessWords.length() - 1);
            if (!words.isEmpty()) {
                //获取已生成的word文档
                file = new File(wordUrl);
                docxFile = new ZipFile(file);
                documentXML = docxFile.getEntry("word/document.xml");
                documentXMLIS = docxFile.getInputStream(documentXML);
                isr = new InputStreamReader(documentXMLIS);
                br = new BufferedReader(isr);
                String row;
                StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
                String[] lesses = words.split(",");
                //新xml文件目录
                String xmlFilePath = targetUrl + File.separator + busId + "document.xml";
                while ((row = br.readLine()) != null) {
                    for (String less : lesses) {
                        if (row.contains(less)) {
                            row = row.replace(less, "</w:t></w:r><w:r><w:rPr><w:rFonts w:eastAsia=\"宋体\"" +
                                    " w:hint=\"eastAsia\"/></w:rPr><w:t>" + less + "</w:t></w:r>");
                        }
                    }
                    buf.append(row);
                }
                File xmlFile = new File(xmlFilePath);
                if (!xmlFile.exists()) {
                    xmlFile.createNewFile();
                }
                fos = new FileOutputStream(xmlFile);
                pw = new PrintWriter(fos);
                pw.write(buf.toString().toCharArray());
                pw.flush();
                //替换原有的document.xml
                newDocx = targetUrl + File.separator + busId + "document.xml";
                dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
                doc = dbf.newDocumentBuilder().parse(xmlFile);
                Transformer t = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
                ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                t.transform(new DOMSource(doc), new StreamResult(baos));
                ZipOutputStream docxOutFile = new ZipOutputStream(Files.newOutputStream(Paths.get(newDocx)));
                Enumeration<? extends ZipEntry> entriesIter = docxFile.entries();
                while (entriesIter.hasMoreElements()) {
                    ZipEntry entry = entriesIter.nextElement();
                    //如果是document则修改，别的文件直接拷贝，不改变word样式
                    if (entry.getName().equals("word/document.xml")) {
                        byte[] data = baos.toByteArray();
                        docxOutFile.putNextEntry(new ZipEntry(entry.getName()));
                        docxOutFile.write(data, 0, data.length);
                        docxOutFile.closeEntry();
                    } else {
                        InputStream incoming = docxFile.getInputStream(entry);
                        dbfCopy = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
                        docCopy = dbfCopy.newDocumentBuilder().parse(incoming);
                        Transformer tCopy = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
                        ByteArrayOutputStream baosCopy = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                        tCopy.transform(new DOMSource(docCopy), new StreamResult(baosCopy));
                        byte[] b = baosCopy.toByteArray();
                        docxOutFile.putNextEntry(new ZipEntry(entry.getName()));
                        docxOutFile.write(b, 0, b.length);
                        docxOutFile.closeEntry();
                        if (incoming != null) {
                            incoming.close();
                        }
                        baosCopy.close();
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("", e);
        } finally {
            try {
                if (pw != null) {
                    pw.close();
                }
                if (fos != null) {
                    fos.close();
                }
                if (br != null) {
                    br.close();
                }
                if (isr != null) {
                    isr.close();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                log.error("", e);
            }
        }
        return newDocx;
    }
}

上述方法仅支持docx格式的word文档，如果文档中不存在生僻字，则会返回一个空字符串，如果存在生僻字，则会返回新文档的路径。过程有点儿复杂，应该还有优化空间，不过鉴于使用的场景比较特殊，用的比较少，也就没有细究了。如果各位有更简单的方式，欢迎交流！