P6160 [Cnoi2020] 三分 / 向量

题意

传送门 P6160 [Cnoi2020]向量

题解

三分

设 $⟨\vec{a},\vec{b}⟩=\alpha ,⟨\vec{b},\vec{c}⟩=\beta$，那么有 $$⟨\vec{a},\vec{c}⟩=2\pi -(\alpha +\beta )或|\alpha -\beta |$$ 猜测凸函数性质，三分套三分即可。由于 $longdouble$ 有效数位与测试数据极大值接近，此方法卡精度较为困难。

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define rep(i, l, r) for (int i = l, _ = r; i < _; ++i)
#define db long double
const db pi = acos((db)-1.0), eps = 2e-19;
db R[3];

db F(db a, db b)
{
    db res = R[0] * R[1] * cos(a);
    res += R[1] * R[2] * cos(b);
    res += R[2] * R[0] * min(cos(a + b), cos(b - a));
    return res;
}

db calc(db a)
{
    db lb = 0, ub = pi;
    rep(i, 0, 100)
    {
        db lmid = lb + (ub - lb) / 3, umid = ub - (ub - lb) / 3;
        if (F(a, lmid) + eps < F(a, umid))
            ub = umid;
        else
            lb = lmid;
    }
    return F(a, ub);
}

int main()
{
    rep(i, 0, 3) scanf("%Lf", R + i);
    db lb = 0, ub = pi;
    rep(i, 0, 100)
    {
        db lmid = lb + (ub - lb) / 3, umid = ub - (ub - lb) / 3;
        if (calc(lmid) + eps < calc(umid))
            ub = umid;
        else
            lb = lmid;
    }
    db res = calc(ub);
    printf("%.1Lf\n", res + res * eps);
    return 0;
}

向量

已知 $$|\vec{a}+\vec{b}+\vec{c}{|}^2=|\vec{a}{|}^2+|\vec{b}{|}^2+|\vec{c}{|}^2+2\vec{a}\cdot \vec{b}+2\vec{b}\cdot \vec{c}+2\vec{c}\cdot \vec{a}$$ 关注 $|\vec{a}+\vec{b}+\vec{c}{|}^2$，若 $|\vec{a}|+|\vec{b}|>|\vec{c}|$，则可以构造三角形，此时向量和模值为 $0$；反之，取 $\vec{a},\vec{b}$ 与 $\vec{c}$ 方向相反即可，此时向量和模值最小，为 $|\vec{c}|-|\vec{a}|-|\vec{b}|$。

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long double db;
#define rep(i, l, r) for (int i = l, _ = r; i < _; ++i)
db R[3];

int main()
{
    rep(i, 0, 3) cin >> R[i];
    db res = 0;
    rep(i, 0, 3) res -= R[i] * R[i];
    db d = R[0] + R[1] > R[2] ? 0 : R[2] - R[1] - R[0];
    cout << fixed << setprecision(1) << (res + d * d) / 2 << '\n';
    return 0;
}