一、点击事件的传递规则
所谓点击事件的事件分发，其实就是对MotionEvent事件的分发过程，即当一个MotionEvent产生以后，系统需要把这个时间传递给一个具体的View,而这个传递过程就是分发过程。
点击事件的分发过程由三个方法共同完成：dispatchTouchEvent, onInterceptTouchEvent 和 onTouchEvent.
dispatchTouchEvent
用来进行事件的分发。如果事件能够传递给当前View,那么此方法一定会被调用，返回结果受当前View的onTouchEvent 和 下级View的dispatchTouchEvent方法的影响，表示是否消耗当前事件。
onInterceptTouchEvent
在dispatchTouchEvent方法的内部调用，用来判断是否拦截某个事件，如果当前View拦截了某个事件，那么在同一个事件序列中，此方法不会被再次调用，返回结果表示是否拦截当前事件。
onTouchEvent
在dispatchTouchEvent方法中调用，用来处理点击事件，返回结果表示是否消耗当前事件，如果不消耗，则在同一个事件序列中，当前View无法再次接收到事件。
上面的三个方法可以用以下的伪代码来表示其之间的关系。
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
boolean consume = false;//事件是否被消费
if (onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)){//调用onInterceptTouchEvent判断是否拦截事件
consume = onTouchEvent(ev);//如果拦截则调用自身的onTouchEvent方法
}else{
consume = child.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);//不拦截调用子View的dispatchTouchEvent方法
}
return consume;//返回值表示事件是否被消费，true事件终止，false调用父View的onTouchEvent方法
}
点击事件的传递规则：对于一个根ViewGroup来说，点击事件产生后，首先会传递给它，这时它的dispatchTouchEvent就会被调用，如果这个ViewGroup的onInterceptTouchEvent方法返回true就表示它要拦截当前事件，接着事件就会交给ViewGroup处理，即它的onTouchEvent方法就会被调用；这个ViewGroup的onInterceptTouchEvent方法返回false就表示它不拦截当前事件，这时当前事件就会继续传递给它的子元素，接着子元素的dispatchTouchEvent方法就会被调用，如此反复直到事件最终被处理。
当一个点击事件产生后，它的传递过程遵循如下顺序：Activity -> Window -> View , 即事件总是先传递给Activity, Activity再传递给Window,最后Window再传递给顶级的View,顶级View接收到事件后，就会按照事件分发机制去分发事件。
如果一个View的onTouchEvent返回false，那么它的父容器的onTouchEvent将会被调用，依次类推。
ViewGroup默认不拦截任何事件，View没有onInterceptTouchEvent方法，一旦有点击事件传递给它，它的onTouchEvent方法就会被调用。
事件的传递过程是由外向内的，即事件总是先传递给父元素，然后再由父元素分发给子View.
二、事件分发源码分析
点击事件产生最先传递到当前的Activity，由Acivity的dispatchTouchEvent方法来对事件进行分发。那么我们先看Activity的dispatchTouchEvent方法。
/**
* Called to process touch screen events. You can override this to
* intercept all touch screen events before they are dispatched to the
* window. Be sure to call this implementation for touch screen events
* that should be handled normally.
*
* @param ev The touch screen event.
*
* @return boolean Return true if this event was consumed.
*/
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
onUserInteraction();
}
if (getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)) { // 事件分发并返回结果
return true; // 事件被消费了
}
return onTouchEvent(ev); // 没有View可以处理事件，调用onTouchEvent方法
}通过代码可以知道，事件会给Activity附属的Window进行分发，如果返回true，那么事件被消费，dispatchTouchEvent返回true。如果返回false表示事件发下去却没有View可以进行处理，则最后return Activity的onTouchEvent方法。
进入getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)方法，发现是Window类当中的一个抽象方法。Window的源码有说明，Window的唯一实现类是PhoneWindow，那么去看PhoneWindow对应的代码。
@Override
public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
return mDecor.superDispatchTouchEvent(event);
}PhoneWindow又调用了DecorView的superDispatchTouchEvent方法。而这个DecorView就是Window的顶级View，我们通过setContentView设置的View是它的子View。到这里事件已经被传递到我们的顶级View中，一般是ViewGroup。
那么接下来重点将放到ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent方法中。
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
...
final int action = ev.getAction();
final int actionMasked = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;
// Handle an initial down.
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
// Throw away all previous state when starting a new touch gesture.
// The framework may have dropped the up or cancel event for the previous gesture
// due to an app switch, ANR, or some other state change.
cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);
//清除FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT设置并且mFirstTouchTarget 设置为null
resetTouchState();
}
// Check for interception.
final boolean intercepted;//是否拦截事件
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
//FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT是子View通过
//requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent方法进行设置的
final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
if (!disallowIntercept) {
//调用onInterceptTouchEvent方法判断是否需要拦截
intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
} else {
intercepted = false;
}
} else {
// There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
// so this view group continues to intercept touches.
intercepted = true;
}
...
}
上述代码我们不难发现, ViewGroup在如下两种情况下会判断是否要拦截当前事件：1. 事件类型为ACTION_DOWN, 2. mFirstTouchTarget ！=null. mFirstTouchTarget ！=null是什么意思？ 换种方式讲，当ViewGroup不拦截事件并将事件交由子元素处理时mFirstTouchTarget ！=null ， 反过来，一旦事件被ViewGroup拦截mFirstTouchTarget ！=null 就不成立。那么ACTION_MOVE 和 ACTION_UP事件到来时，actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN || mFirstTouchTarget != null 这个条件为false，所以将导致ViewGroup的onInterceptTouchEvent不会被再调用，并且同一序列中的其他事件都会默认交由它处理。
所以我们知道了onInterceptTouchEvent并非每次都会被调用。如果要处理所有的点击事件那么需要选择dispatchTouchEvent方法，而FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT标志位可以帮助我们去有效的处理滑动冲突。
final View[] children = mChildren;
for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
final int childIndex = getAndVerifyPreorderedIndex(
childrenCount, i, customOrder);
final View child = getAndVerifyPreorderedView(
preorderedList, children, childIndex);
// If there is a view that has accessibility focus we want it
// to get the event first and if not handled we will perform a
// normal dispatch. We may do a double iteration but this is
// safer given the timeframe.
if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != null) {
if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != child) {
continue;
}
childWithAccessibilityFocus = null;
i = childrenCount - 1;
}
if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child)
|| !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
continue;
}
newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
if (newTouchTarget != null) {
// Child is already receiving touch within its bounds.
// Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling.
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
break;
}
resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
// Child wants to receive touch within its bounds.
mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
if (preorderedList != null) {
// childIndex points into presorted list, find original index
for (int j = 0; j < childrenCount; j++) {
if (children[childIndex] == mChildren[j]) {
mLastTouchDownIndex = j;
break;
}
}
} else {
mLastTouchDownIndex = childIndex;
}
mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
break;
}
// The accessibility focus didn't handle the event, so clear
// the flag and do a normal dispatch to all children.
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
} private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel,
View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) {
final boolean handled;
// Canceling motions is a special case. We don't need to perform any transformations
// or filtering. The important part is the action, not the contents.
final int oldAction = event.getAction();
if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
if (child == null) {
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
} else {
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
}
event.setAction(oldAction);
return handled;
}
...
}
接下来看View对事件的处理过程.
从上面的源码可以看出，首先判断有没有设置OnTouchListener, 如果OnTouchListener 中的方法返回true, 那么onTouchEvent就不会调用。可见OnTouchListener的优先级高于onTouchEvent.
再接着分析OnTouchEvent的实现。
先看当View处于不可用状态下点击事件的处理过程。
final boolean clickable = ((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE
|| (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)
|| (viewFlags & CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) == CONTEXT_CLICKABLE;
if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {
if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP && (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
setPressed(false);
}
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
// A disabled view that is clickable still consumes the touch
// events, it just doesn't respond to them.
return clickable;
}if (mTouchDelegate != null) {
if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) {
return true;
}
}if (clickable || (viewFlags & TOOLTIP) == TOOLTIP) {
switch (action) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
if ((viewFlags & TOOLTIP) == TOOLTIP) {
handleTooltipUp();
}
if (!clickable) {
removeTapCallback();
removeLongPressCallback();
mInContextButtonPress = false;
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
break;
}
boolean prepressed = (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PREPRESSED) != 0;
if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0 || prepressed) {
// take focus if we don't have it already and we should in
// touch mode.
boolean focusTaken = false;
if (isFocusable() && isFocusableInTouchMode() && !isFocused()) {
focusTaken = requestFocus();
}
if (prepressed) {
// The button is being released before we actually
// showed it as pressed. Make it show the pressed
// state now (before scheduling the click) to ensure
// the user sees it.
setPressed(true, x, y);
}
if (!mHasPerformedLongPress && !mIgnoreNextUpEvent) {
// This is a tap, so remove the longpress check
removeLongPressCallback();
// Only perform take click actions if we were in the pressed state
if (!focusTaken) {
// Use a Runnable and post this rather than calling
// performClick directly. This lets other visual state
// of the view update before click actions start.
if (mPerformClick == null) {
mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
}
if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
performClick();
}
}
}
if (mUnsetPressedState == null) {
mUnsetPressedState = new UnsetPressedState();
}
if (prepressed) {
postDelayed(mUnsetPressedState,
ViewConfiguration.getPressedStateDuration());
} else if (!post(mUnsetPressedState)) {
// If the post failed, unpress right now
mUnsetPressedState.run();
}
removeTapCallback();
}
mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
if (event.getSource() == InputDevice.SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN) {
mPrivateFlags3 |= PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
}
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
if (!clickable) {
checkForLongClick(0, x, y);
break;
}
if (performButtonActionOnTouchDown(event)) {
break;
}
// Walk up the hierarchy to determine if we're inside a scrolling container.
boolean isInScrollingContainer = isInScrollingContainer();
// For views inside a scrolling container, delay the pressed feedback for
// a short period in case this is a scroll.
if (isInScrollingContainer) {
mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_PREPRESSED;
if (mPendingCheckForTap == null) {
mPendingCheckForTap = new CheckForTap();
}
mPendingCheckForTap.x = event.getX();
mPendingCheckForTap.y = event.getY();
postDelayed(mPendingCheckForTap, ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());
} else {
// Not inside a scrolling container, so show the feedback right away
setPressed(true, x, y);
checkForLongClick(0, x, y);
}
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
if (clickable) {
setPressed(false);
}
removeTapCallback();
removeLongPressCallback();
mInContextButtonPress = false;
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
if (clickable) {
drawableHotspotChanged(x, y);
}
// Be lenient about moving outside of buttons
if (!pointInView(x, y, mTouchSlop)) {
// Outside button
// Remove any future long press/tap checks
removeTapCallback();
removeLongPressCallback();
if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
setPressed(false);
}
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
}
break;
}
return true;
}/**
* Call this view's OnClickListener, if it is defined. Performs all normal
* actions associated with clicking: reporting accessibility event, playing
* a sound, etc.
*
* @return True there was an assigned OnClickListener that was called, false
* otherwise is returned.
*/
public boolean performClick() {
final boolean result;
final ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
if (li != null && li.mOnClickListener != null) {
playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK);
li.mOnClickListener.onClick(this);
result = true;
} else {
result = false;
}
sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED);
notifyEnterOrExitForAutoFillIfNeeded(true);
return result;
}
View的LONG_CLICKABLE 属性默认为false， 而CLICKABLE 属性是否为false 和具体的View有关（可点击的View为true, 不可点击的为false,比如button 为可点击， TextView 为不可点击）。 可以通过setClickable 和 setLongClickable 可以分别改变View 的CLICKABLE 和 LONG_CLICKABLE 属性；如下源码所示。
public void setOnClickListener(@Nullable OnClickListener l) {
if (!isClickable()) {
setClickable(true);
}
getListenerInfo().mOnClickListener = l;
}
public void setOnLongClickListener(@Nullable OnLongClickListener l) {
if (!isLongClickable()) {
setLongClickable(true);
}
getListenerInfo().mOnLongClickListener = l;
}
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