带时区时间日期 ZonedDateTime
1. 简介
ZonedDateTime表示带时区的日期时间,如2007-12-03T10:15:30+01:00 Europe/Paris
.
参考官方文档描述:
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/time/ZonedDateTime.html
2. 字符串与时间戳的转换
常见带日期时间格式:
字段名 | 字段值 |
---|---|
api格式 | DateTimeFormatter.ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME |
字符串pattern | yyyy-MM-dd’T’HH:mm:ss.SSSxxx’[‘VV’]’ |
示例 | 2022-06-15T22:06:29.483+08:00[Asia/Shanghai] |
api格式 | DateTimeFormatter.ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME |
字符串pattern | yyyy-MM-dd’T’HH:mm:ss.SSSxxx |
示例 | 2022-06-15T22:06:29.483+08:00 |
api格式 | DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME |
字符串pattern | yyyy-MM-dd’T’HH:mm:ss.SSS’ |
示例 | 2022-06-15T22:06:29.483 |
相关方法代码可参考:
package com.ysx.utils.datetime;
import java.time.Instant;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.ZoneId;
import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
/**
* @author youngbear
* @email youngbear@aliyun.com
* @date 2022/6/15 21:58
* @blog https://blog.csdn.net/next_second
* @github https://github.com/YoungBear
* @description 带时区日期时间工具类
*/
public class ZonedDateTimeUtils {
/**
* 根据时间戳返回指定格式的时间日期格式字符串
* 使用系统默认时区
*
* @param timestamp 时间戳 毫秒 如 1655301989483L
* @param pattern 格式字符串 如 yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSxxx'['VV']'
* @return 格式化后的字符串 如 2022-06-15T22:06:29.483+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
*/
public static String long2String(long timestamp, String pattern) {
Instant instant = Instant.ofEpochMilli(timestamp);
DateTimeFormatter dateTimeFormatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(pattern);
ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.ofInstant(instant, ZoneId.systemDefault());
return zonedDateTime.format(dateTimeFormatter);
}
/**
* 根据时间戳返回指定格式的时间日期格式字符串
* 使用系统默认时区
*
* @param timestamp 时间戳 毫秒 如 1655301989483L
* @param formatter formatter 如 DateTimeFormatter.ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME
* @return 格式化后的字符串 如 2022-06-15T22:06:29.483+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
*/
public static String long2String(long timestamp, DateTimeFormatter formatter) {
Instant instant = Instant.ofEpochMilli(timestamp);
ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.ofInstant(instant, ZoneId.systemDefault());
return zonedDateTime.format(formatter);
}
/**
* 根据时间戳返回指定格式的时间日期格式字符串
* 指定时区
*
* @param timestamp 时间戳 毫秒 如 1655301989483L
* @param formatter formatter 如 DateTimeFormatter.ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME
* @param zoneId 时区信息 如 ZoneId.of("Europe/Moscow")
* @return 格式化后的字符串 如 2022-06-15T17:06:29.483+03:00[Europe/Moscow]
*/
public static String long2String(long timestamp, DateTimeFormatter formatter, ZoneId zoneId) {
Instant instant = Instant.ofEpochMilli(timestamp);
ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.ofInstant(instant, zoneId);
return zonedDateTime.format(formatter);
}
/**
* 时间日期格式字符串返回时间戳
*
* @param dateString 格式化后的字符串 如 2022-06-15T17:06:29.483+03:00[Europe/Moscow]
* @param pattern 格式字符串 如 yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSxxx'['VV']'
* @return 时间戳 毫秒 如 1655301989483L
*/
public static long string2long(String dateString, String pattern) {
DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(pattern);
ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.parse(dateString, formatter);
return Instant.from(zonedDateTime).toEpochMilli();
}
/**
* 时间日期格式字符串返回时间戳
*
* @param dateString 格式化后的字符串 如 2022-06-15T17:06:29.483+03:00[Europe/Moscow]
* @param formatter formatter 如 DateTimeFormatter.ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME
* @return 时间戳 毫秒 如 1655301989483L
*/
public static long string2long(String dateString, DateTimeFormatter formatter) {
ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.parse(dateString, formatter);
return Instant.from(zonedDateTime).toEpochMilli();
}
/**
* 时间日期格式字符串返回时间戳
* 指定时区
*
* @param dateString 格式化后的字符串 如 2022-06-15T17:06:29.483+03:00[Europe/Moscow]
* @param formatter formatter 如 DateTimeFormatter.ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME
* @param zoneId 时区信息 如 ZoneId.of("Europe/Moscow")
* @return 时间戳 毫秒 如 1655301989483L
*/
public static long string2long(String dateString, DateTimeFormatter formatter, ZoneId zoneId) {
formatter.withZone(zoneId);
LocalDateTime localDateTime = LocalDateTime.parse(dateString, formatter);
ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.of(localDateTime, zoneId);
return Instant.from(zonedDateTime).toEpochMilli();
}
}
相关单元测试方法:
package com.ysx.utils.datetime;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.time.ZoneId;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
/**
* @author youngbear
* @email youngbear@aliyun.com
* @date 2022/6/15 22:05
* @blog https://blog.csdn.net/next_second
* @github https://github.com/YoungBear
* @description 参考:
* DateTimeFormatter:https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/time/format/DateTimeFormatter.html
* ZonedDateTime https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/time/ZonedDateTime.html
*/
public class ZonedDateTimeUtilsTest {
@Test
public void long2StringTest() {
long timestamp = 1655301989483L;
String dateStr1 = "2022-06-15T22:06:29.483+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]";
Assert.assertEquals(dateStr1, ZonedDateTimeUtils.long2String(timestamp, DateTimeFormatter.ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME));
String dateStr2 = "2022-06-15T22:06:29.483+08:00";
Assert.assertEquals(dateStr2, ZonedDateTimeUtils.long2String(timestamp, DateTimeFormatter.ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME));
String dateStr3 = "2022-06-15T22:06:29.483";
Assert.assertEquals(dateStr3, ZonedDateTimeUtils.long2String(timestamp, DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME));
// 分别对应 pattern 字符串如下
String pattern1 = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSxxx'['VV']'";
Assert.assertEquals(dateStr1, ZonedDateTimeUtils.long2String(timestamp, pattern1));
String pattern2 = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSxxx";
Assert.assertEquals(dateStr2, ZonedDateTimeUtils.long2String(timestamp, pattern2));
String pattern3 = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSS";
Assert.assertEquals(dateStr3, ZonedDateTimeUtils.long2String(timestamp, pattern3));
}
@Test
public void string2longTest() {
String str1 = "2022-06-15T22:06:29.483+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]";
long timestamp = 1655301989483L;
long timestamp1 = ZonedDateTimeUtils.string2long(str1, DateTimeFormatter.ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME);
Assert.assertEquals(timestamp, timestamp1);
long timestamp11 = ZonedDateTimeUtils.string2long(str1, "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSxxx'['VV']'");
Assert.assertEquals(timestamp, timestamp11);
String str2 = "2022-06-15T22:06:29.483+08:00";
long timestamp2 = ZonedDateTimeUtils.string2long(str2, DateTimeFormatter.ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME);
Assert.assertEquals(timestamp, timestamp2);
long timestamp22 = ZonedDateTimeUtils.string2long(str2, "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSxxx");
Assert.assertEquals(timestamp, timestamp22);
// 失败,因为没有带时区信息
// String str3 = "2022-06-15T22:06:29.483";
// long timestamp3 = DateTimeUtils.string2long(str3, DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME);
// Assert.assertEquals(timestamp, timestamp3);
}
@Test
public void long2StringWithZoneIdTest() {
long timestamp = 1655301989483L;
// 默认时区 Asia/Shanghai 2022-06-15T22:06:29.483+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
String dateStringShanghai = "2022-06-15T22:06:29.483+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]";
Assert.assertEquals(dateStringShanghai, ZonedDateTimeUtils.long2String(timestamp, DateTimeFormatter.ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME));
// 指定时区 Europe/Moscow 2022-06-15T17:06:29.483+03:00[Europe/Moscow]
ZoneId zoneIdMoscow = ZoneId.of("Europe/Moscow");
String dateStringMoscow = "2022-06-15T17:06:29.483+03:00[Europe/Moscow]";
Assert.assertEquals(dateStringMoscow, ZonedDateTimeUtils.long2String(timestamp, DateTimeFormatter.ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME, zoneIdMoscow));
// 指定时区 Europe/Paris 2022-06-15T16:06:29.483+02:00[Europe/Paris]
ZoneId zoneIdParis = ZoneId.of("Europe/Paris");
String dateStringParis = "2022-06-15T16:06:29.483+02:00[Europe/Paris]";
Assert.assertEquals(dateStringParis, ZonedDateTimeUtils.long2String(timestamp, DateTimeFormatter.ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME, zoneIdParis));
// 指定时区 America/Los_Angeles 2022-06-15T07:06:29.483-07:00[America/Los_Angeles]
ZoneId zoneIdLos_Angeles = ZoneId.of("America/Los_Angeles");
String dateStringLos_Angeles = "2022-06-15T07:06:29.483-07:00[America/Los_Angeles]";
Assert.assertEquals(dateStringLos_Angeles, ZonedDateTimeUtils.long2String(timestamp, DateTimeFormatter.ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME, zoneIdLos_Angeles));
}
@Test
public void string2longWithZoneIdTest() {
long timestamp = 1655301989483L;
ZoneId zoneIdShanghai = ZoneId.of("Asia/Shanghai");
String str3 = "2022-06-15T22:06:29.483";
long timestamp3 = ZonedDateTimeUtils.string2long(str3, DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME, zoneIdShanghai);
Assert.assertEquals(timestamp, timestamp3);
}
}
3. 常见时区
详细夏令时规定可参考:http://www.timeofdate.com/
时区ID字符串 | 标准偏移值standardOffset | 是否有夏令时 | 使用夏令时的偏移值offset |
---|---|---|---|
Asia/Shanghai | +08:00 | 否 | 无 |
Europe/London | +00:00 | 是 | +01:00 |
Europe/Paris | +01:00 | 是 | +02:00 |
Europe/Berlin | +01:00 | 是 | +02:00 |
Europe/Moscow | +03:00 | 否 | 无 |
Asia/Seoul | +09:00 | 否 | 无 |
Asia/Tokyo | +09:00 | 否 | 无 |
Australia/Sydney | +10:00 | 是 | +11:00 |
America/Los_Angeles | -08:00 | 是 | -07:00 |
America/New_York | -05:00 | 是 | -04:00 |
获取方法:
package com.ysx.utils.datetime;
import java.time.Instant;
import java.time.ZoneId;
import java.time.ZoneOffset;
import java.time.zone.ZoneRules;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* @author youngbear
* @email youngbear@aliyun.com
* @date 2022/6/15 23:18
* @blog https://blog.csdn.net/next_second
* @github https://github.com/YoungBear
* @description 获取全球时区信息
*/
public class ZoneIdUtils {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Instant instant = Instant.now();
Set<String> zoneIds = ZoneId.getAvailableZoneIds();
System.out.println(zoneIds.size());
zoneIds.stream().sorted().forEach(zoneIdString -> {
ZoneId zoneId = ZoneId.of(zoneIdString);
ZoneRules rules = zoneId.getRules();
// 当前offset
ZoneOffset offset = rules.getOffset(instant);
// 标准offset
ZoneOffset standardOffset = rules.getStandardOffset(instant);
// 是否为夏令时
boolean daylightSavings = rules.isDaylightSavings(instant);
System.out.println(zoneIdString + ", offset: "
+ offset + ", standardOffset: " + standardOffset
+ ", daylightSavings: " + daylightSavings);
});
}
}