呦西呦西,又是我来搞课后总结了,依旧是我小傅的课,又是我搬运过来做个小总结。
阈值处理
ret, dst = cv2.threshold(src, thresh, maxval, type)
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src: 输入图,只能输入单通道图像,通常来说为灰度图
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dst: 输出图
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thresh: 阈值
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maxval: 当像素值超过了阈值(或者小于阈值,根据type来决定),所赋予的值
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type:二值化操作的类型,包含以下5种类型: cv2.THRESH_BINARY; cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV; cv2.THRESH_TRUNC; cv2.THRESH_TOZERO;cv2.THRESH_TOZERO_INV
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cv2.THRESH_BINARY 超过阈值部分取maxval(最大值),否则取0
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cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV THRESH_BINARY的反转
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cv2.THRESH_TRUNC 大于阈值部分设为阈值,否则不变
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cv2.THRESH_TOZERO 大于阈值部分不改变,否则设为0
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cv2.THRESH_TOZERO_INV THRESH_TOZERO的反转
import cv2
import numpy as np
#from matplotlib import py
peppa = cv2.imread('peppa.jpg')
img=cv2.cvtColor(peppa,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
cv2.imshow('Peppa',img)
ret,thresh1 = cv2.threshold(img,200,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
ret,thresh2 = cv2.threshold(img,200,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV)
ret,thresh3 = cv2.threshold(img,200,255,cv2.THRESH_TRUNC)
ret,thresh4 = cv2.threshold(img,200,255,cv2.THRESH_TOZERO)
ret,thresh5 = cv2.threshold(img,200,255,cv2.THRESH_TOZERO_INV)
cv2.imshow('BINARY',thresh1)
cv2.imshow('BINARY_INV',thresh2)
# cv2.imshow('TRUNC',thresh3)
# cv2.imshow('TOZERO',thresh4)
# cv2.imshow('TOZERO_INV',thresh5)
peppa_body=cv2.bitwise_and(peppa,peppa,mask=thresh2)
cv2.imshow('peppa_body',peppa_body)
cv2.waitKey()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
import cv2
Type=0 #阈值处理类型值
Value=0 #使用的阈值
def onType(a):
Type= cv2.getTrackbarPos(tType, windowName)
Value= cv2.getTrackbarPos(tValue, windowName)
ret, dst = cv2.threshold(img, Value,255, Type)
cv2.imshow(windowName,dst)
def onValue(a):
Type= cv2.getTrackbarPos(tType, windowName)
Value= cv2.getTrackbarPos(tValue, windowName)
ret, dst = cv2.threshold(img, Value, 255, Type)
cv2.imshow(windowName,dst)
img = cv2.imread("peppa.jpg",0)
windowName = "Peppa" #窗体名
cv2.namedWindow(windowName)
cv2.imshow(windowName,img)
#创建两个滑动条
tType = "Type" #用来选取阈值处理类型的滚动条
tValue = "Value" #用来选取阈值的滚动条
cv2.createTrackbar(tType, windowName, 0, 4, onType)
cv2.createTrackbar(tValue, windowName,0, 255, onValue)
cv2.waitKey()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
3.Otsu大津处理
定义:
根据当前图像给出最佳的类间分割阈值。
操作:
遍历所有可能阈值,从而找到最佳的阈值。
3.1
t,otsu=cv2.threshold(img,0,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY+cv2.THRESH_OTSU)
和普通阈值分割的不同之处在于以下三点:
1.
参数type增加了一个参数值"cv2.THRESH_OTSU"。
2.
设定的阈值为0。
3.
返回值t是Otsu方法计算得到并使用的最优阈值
注意点:
如果采用普通的阈值分割,返回的阈值就是设定的阈值。例如下面语句设定阈值为127,所以最终返回的就是t=127。
平滑处理
模糊处理
img = cv2.imread("peppa_gaussian.jpg")
blur = cv2.blur(img, (7, 7))
box = cv2.boxFilter(img,-1,(7,7), normalize=True)
gaussian = cv2.GaussianBlur(img, (7, 7), 10)
median = cv2.medianBlur(img, 7)
bilater=cv2.bilateralFilter(img,9,75,75)
kernel = np.array((
[-2, -1, 0],
[-1,1,1],
[0, 1, 2]), dtype="float32")
filter2D=cv2.filter2D(img,-1,kernel)#https://my.oschina.net/u/4306156/blog/3598055
cv2.imshow('img',img)
cv2.imshow('blur',blur)
cv2.imshow('box',box)
cv2.imshow('gaussian',gaussian)
cv2.imshow('median',median)
cv2.imshow('bilater',bilater)
cv2.imshow('filter2D',filter2D)
cv2.waitKey()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()