Provide / Inject:
在我学习依赖注入之前,一般父组件传给孙组件一般是通过prop一层一层的传递,这样的嵌套就会相对繁琐,Provide / Inject:就很好的解决了这一问题。
先看效果:
这里我定义了三个组件,index.vue作为爷爷级别的组件,Aview作为儿子级别的组件,Bview作为孙子级别的组件。在index.vue定义颜色,用provide抛出去,在子组件和孙组件中用Inject接收其值。看代码
index.vue(爷爷级别组件):
<template>
<div class="">
<label>
<input type="radio" value="red" v-model="colorVal">红色
</label>
<label>
<input type="radio" value="green" v-model="colorVal"> 绿色
</label>
<label>
<input type="radio" value="yellow" v-model="colorVal"> 黄色
</label>
<h1>index.vue-我是爷爷组件:</h1>
<div class="box"></div>
<hr>
<Aview />
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang='ts'>
import Aview from './componenys/Aview.vue'
import { ref, provide, readonly } from "vue"
const colorVal = ref<string>('red')
provide('color', colorVal)
// provide('color', readonly(colorVal)) //添加readonly的话,子组件就不可以修改依赖注入的值
</script>
<style lang="less" scoped>
.box {
margin: 10px 0;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: v-bind(colorVal);
}
</style>
Aview.vue(儿子级别组件):
<template>
Aview.vue-儿子组件:
<div class="box"></div>
<hr>
<Bview />
</template>
<script setup lang='ts'>
import Bview from './Bview.vue'
import type { Ref } from 'vue'
import { ref, inject } from "vue"
const color = inject<Ref<string>>('color')
</script>
<style lang="less" scoped>
.box {
margin: 10px 0;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: v-bind(color);
}
</style>
Bview(孙子级别组件):
<template>
Bview.vue-孙子组件:
<button @click="btnClick">改变</button>
<div class="box"></div>
</template>
<script setup lang='ts'>
import { ref, inject } from "vue"
import type { Ref } from 'vue'
const color = inject<Ref<string>>('color')
const btnClick = () => {
color!.value = 'purple' //非空断言
}
</script>
<style lang="less" scoped>
.box {
margin: 10px 0;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: v-bind(color);
}
</style>
备注:一般情况下,使用依赖注入Provide / Inject的组件,子组件修改内容也会影响到相关联的组件,阻止方法:/provide('color', readonly(colorVal)) ,添加readonly的话,子组件就不可以修改依赖注入的值