一 .创建CofigMap
1.创建ConfigMap的方式有两种:
(1)通过yaml 文件创建
(2)通过kubectl直接在命令行下创建
yaml 创建:
a. 配置文件以key-vlane键值对的形式的保存
b.也可直接放在一个完整的配置文件中
创建:
$ kubectl create -f test-config.yaml
直接用kubectl在命令行下创建:
其实也不用直接下面的文章,直接从kubectl create configmap -h 的帮助信息中就可以对ConfigMap如何创建有所了解。
Examples:
# Create a new configmap named my-config based on folder bar
kubectl create configmap my-config --from-file=path/to/bar # Create a new configmap named my-config with specified keys instead of file basenames on disk kubectl create configmap my-config --from-file=key1=/path/to/bar/file1.txt --from-file=key2=/path/to/bar/file2.txt # Create a new configmap named my-config with key1=config1 and key2=config2 kubectl create configmap my-config --from-literal=key1=config1 --from-literal=key2=config2
a.使用目录创建:
$ ls /root/test/user-guide/configmap/kubectl
test1.properties
test2.roperties
$ kubectl create configmap test-config --from-file=/root/test/user-guide/configmap/kubectl
创建ConfigMap
$ kubectl create configmap
查看ConfigMap
$ kubectl get configmap
$ kubectl get configmap -o yaml
$ kubectl describe configmap test-config
b.使用文件创建:
刚刚使用目录创建的时候使用--from-file 指定了一个目录,也可以指定单个文件创建ConfigMap
$ kubectl get configmaps test-config --from-file=/root/test/user-guide/configmap/kubectl/test1.properties --from-file=/root/test/user-guide/configmap/kubectl/test2.properties
c.使用Literal值创建
利用--from-literal 参数传递配置信息,也可以多次使用,格式如下:
$ kubectl create configmap test-config --from-literal=db.host=10.16.12.5 --from-literal=db.port='3306'
二.使用ConfigMap
(1)通过环境变量方式,直接传递给pod
(2)通过pod 命令行下运行
(3)使volume方式载入到pod内
使用ConfigMap 来替代环境变量
首先创建ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: special-config
namespace: default
data:
special.how: very
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: env-config
namespace: default
data:
log_level: INFO
在pod 中定义环境变量
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: test-container
image: gcr.io/google_containers/busybox
command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
env:
- name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: special-config
key: special.how
- name: LOG_LEVEL
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: env-config
key: log_level
restartPolicy: Never
输出:
SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY=very
and LOG_LEVEL=info
在ConfigMap使用key-value(键值对)配置环境变量
创建含有key-value的ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: special-config
namespace: default
data:
SPECIAL_LEVEL: very
SPECIAL_TYPE: charm
使用envFrom将所有ConfigMap的数据定义为Pod环境变量。
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: test-container
image: k8s.gcr.io/busybox
command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
envFrom:
- configMapRef:
name: special-config
restartPolicy: Never
输出:
SPECIAL_LEVEL=very
and SPECIAL_TYPE=charm
在Pod命令中使用configmap定义的环境变量。
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: special-config
namespace: default
data:
SPECIAL_LEVEL: very
SPECIAL_TYPE: charm
为了ConfigMap中注入到命令行的参数里面,其实就是给docker run 的时候指定-e 参数修改镜像中的环境变量,然后通过CMD命令利用$(VAR_NAME)通过sed 来修改配置文件或作为命令行启动参数。
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: test-container
image: k8s.gcr.io/busybox
command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "echo $(SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY) $(SPECIAL_TYPE_KEY)" ]
env:
- name: SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: special-config
key: SPECIAL_LEVEL
- name: SPECIAL_TYPE_KEY
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: special-config
key: SPECIAL_TYPE
restartPolicy: Never
输出:
very charm
通过数据卷使用ConfigMap
ConfigMap 可以在数据卷中被使用。
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: special-config
namespace: default
data:
special.level: very
special.type: charm
将ConfigMap数据添加到指定为volumem的目录中(一下例子的挂在路径,/etc/config)
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: test-container
image: k8s.gcr.io/busybox
command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "ls /etc/config/" ]
volumeMounts:
- name: config-volume
mountPath: /etc/config
volumes:
- name: config-volume
configMap:
# Provide the name of the ConfigMap containing the files you want
# to add to the container
name: special-config
restartPolicy: Never
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: dapi-test-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: test-container
image: k8s.gcr.io/busybox
command: [ "/bin/sh","-c","cat /etc/config/keys" ]
volumeMounts:
- name: config-volume
mountPath: /etc/config
volumes:
- name: config-volume
configMap:
name: special-config
items:
- key: special.level
path: keys
restartPolicy: Never