Cloneable

1.Cloneable顾名思义就是复制，克隆。接下来我们将要使用Cloneable进行Java中克隆。（浅克隆）

实现一个简单的克隆如下：

import java.util.Arrays;

public class Test2 {
    public static void main(String[] args)throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        Person person1=new Person(18,"niechentao");
        Person person2=(Person)person1.clone();
        System.out.println(person1);
        System.out.println(person2);;
    }
}

package demo2;
public class Person implements Cloneable{
    public int age;
    public String name;
    public Person(int age,String name){
        this.age=age;
        this.name=name;
    }
    public String toString(){
        return "["+this.name+":"+this.age+"]";
    }

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
      return super.clone();
    }
}

"C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-17\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:D:\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2021.3.2\lib\idea_rt.jar=52174:D:\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2021.3.2\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath C:\Users\niech\IdeaProjects\untitled15\out\production\untitled15 demo2.Test2
[niechentao:18]
[niechentao:18]

Process finished with exit code 0

要注意几步：

1.要在person中重写clone方法。

2.要注意在person中接入Cloneable接口。

3.要注意异常的排除。

4.记得要向下转型。

2.如何实现深度克隆

import java.util.Arrays;

public class Test2 {
    public static void main(String[] args)throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        Person person1=new Person(18,"niechentao");
        Person person2=(Person)person1.clone();
       person1.m.money=10;
        System.out.println(person1.m.money);
        System.out.println(person2.m.money);

    }
}

class Money{
    public int money;
}
public class Person implements Cloneable{
    public int age;
    public String name;
    public Money m=new Money();
    public Person(int age,String name){
        this.age=age;
        this.name=name;
    }
    public String toString(){
        return "["+this.name+":"+this.age+"]";
    }

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
      return super.clone();
    }
}

"C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-17\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:D:\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2021.3.2\lib\idea_rt.jar=52374:D:\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2021.3.2\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath C:\Users\niech\IdeaProjects\untitled15\out\production\untitled15 demo2.Test2
10
10

Process finished with exit code 0

如上式代码可见：person1.m.money改变person2.m.money与其发生一样的改变。我们希望person2.m.money不随着person1.m.money改变而改变。

1.我们需要money也实现clone方法。

2.在person中的clone方法中先要克隆person类中的数，再通过引用克隆money的类。

package demo2;
class Money implements Cloneable{
    public int m=99;
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }
}
public class Person implements Cloneable{
    public int age;
    public String name;
    public Money money=new Money();
    public Person(int age,String name){
        this.age=age;
        this.name=name;
    }
    public String toString(){
        return "["+this.name+":"+this.age+"]";
    }

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
       Person tmp=(Person)super.clone();
      tmp.money=(Money)this.money.clone();
      return tmp;
    }
}

package demo2;

import java.util.Arrays;

public class Test2 {
    public static void main(String[] args)throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        Person person1=new Person(18,"niechentao");
        Person person2=(Person)person1.clone();
        person1.money.m=0;
        System.out.println(person1.money.m);
        System.out.println(person2.money.m);
    }
}