2015-12-16 LAMP第一部分--环境搭建

最新推荐文章于 2020-10-15 15:24:19 发布

niejicai

最新推荐文章于 2020-10-15 15:24:19 发布

阅读量507

点赞数

分类专栏： Linux 文章标签： lamp php mysql apache centos

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/niejicai/article/details/50324739

版权

Linux 专栏收录该内容

50 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

环境：centos 6.7； 32位系统

第1：安装mysql

[root@niejicai-linux src]tar zxvf mysql-5.1.34-linux-i686-icc-glibc23.tar.gz

[ root@niejicai-linux src]# ls

mysql-5.1.34-linux-i686-icc-glibc23 mysql-5.1.34-linux-i686-icc-glibc23.tar.gz

[ root@niejicai-linux src]# mv mysql-5.1.34-linux-i686-icc-glibc23 /usr/local/mysql

[root@niejicai-linux src]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql

[root@niejicai-linux src]# cd /usr/local/mysql/

[root@niejicai-linux mysql]# mkdir -p /data/mysql

[root@niejicai-linux mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/

[ root@niejicai-linux mysql]# ls

bin docs INSTALL-BINARY mysql-test share

COPYING EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT lib README sql-bench

data include man scripts support-files

[ root@niejicai-linux mysql]#

[root@niejicai-linux mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/

Installing MySQL system tables...

151214 11:12:39 [Warning] Forcing shutdown of 2 plugins

Filling help tables...

151214 11:12:39 [Warning] Forcing shutdown of 2 plugins

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy

support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !

To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'

./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h niejicai-linux password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:

./bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test

databases and anonymous user created by default. This is

strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:

cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl

cd ./mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems with the ./bin/mysqlbug script!

The latest information about MySQL is available at http://www.mysql.com/

Support MySQL by buying support/licenses from http://shop.mysql.com/

[ root@niejicai-linux mysql]#

[root@niejicai-linux mysql]# ls /data/mysql/

mysql test

[ root@niejicai-linux mysql]#

[root@niejicai-linux mysql]# cd support-files/

[ root@niejicai-linux support-files]# ls

binary-configure my-huge.cnf mysqld_multi.server

config.huge.ini my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf mysql-log-rotate

config.medium.ini my-large.cnf mysql.server

config.small.ini my-medium.cnf ndb-config-2-node.ini

magic my-small.cnf

[root@niejicai-linux support-files]# cp my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf'? y

[ root@niejicai-linux support-files]# vim /etc/my.cnf

log-bin=mysql-bin

binlog_format=mixed

server-id = 1

把这个三个配置文件注释掉

[root@niejicai-linux support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@niejicai-linux support-files]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld

41 # in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files.

43 # If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get

44 # overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files.

46 basedir=/usr/local/mysql

47 datadir=/data/mysql

49 # Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting

50 # for server start.

[root@niejicai-linux support-files]# chkconfig --add mysqld 加入到系统的服务列表里面去。

[ root@niejicai-linux support-files]# chkconfig mysqld on 设置开机启动

[root@niejicai-linux support-files]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start （手动启动）

Starting MySQL...... [ OK ]

[ root@niejicai-linux support-files]#

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# ps aux | grep mysql 看是否有进程！

root 4950 0.0 1.0 5068 1260 pts/0 S 10:16 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/lo cal/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/niejicai- linux.pid

mysql 5056 4.3 12.9 119052 15192 pts/0 Sl 10:16 0:05 /usr/local/mysq l/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql --log -error=/data/mysql/niejicai-linux.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/niejicai-linux.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306

root 5083 0.0 0.6 4420 756 pts/1 S+ 10:18 0:00 grep --color my sql

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# netstat -lnp 查看端口是否开启（3306）！

Active Internet connections (only servers)

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5056/mysqld

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2138/sshd

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1988/cupsd

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2315/master

tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 2138/sshd

tcp 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 1988/cupsd

tcp 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 2315/master

udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:631 0.0.0.0:* 1988/cupsd

Active UNIX domain sockets (only servers)

Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node PID/Program name Path

。。。。。

unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 10561 2023/acpid /var/run/acpid.socket

unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 10599 2035/hald @/var/run/hald/dbus-kEGLNIZI88

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

第2. 安装apache

[root@niejicai-linux src] tar jvxf httpd-2.2.27.tar.bz2

[ root@niejicai-linux src]# ls

httpd-2.2.27 httpd-2.2.27.tar.bz2

[root@niejicai-linux src]#wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.2.27.tar.bz2

[root@niejicai-linux src]# cd httpd-2.2.27

[root@niejicai-linux httpd-2.2.27]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --enable-mods-shared=most --enable-so

[root@niejicai-linux httpd-2.2.27]#make && make install

[ root@niejicai-linux src]# echo $? 如果这里输出是零的话，就没有问题了！

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# cd /usr/local/apache2/

[ root@niejicai-linux apache2]# ls

bin cgi-bin error icons lib man modules

build conf htdocs include logs manual

[ root@niejicai-linux apache2]#

[root@niejicai-linux apache2]# ls modules/ 动态加载模块！

httpd.exp mod_authz_user.so mod_info.so

mod_actions.so mod_autoindex.so mod_log_config.so

mod_alias.so mod_cgi.so mod_logio.so

mod_asis.so mod_dav_fs.so mod_mime.so

mod_auth_basic.so mod_dav.so mod_negotiation.so

mod_auth_digest.so mod_dbd.so mod_reqtimeout.so

mod_authn_anon.so mod_dir.so mod_rewrite.so

mod_authn_dbd.so mod_dumpio.so mod_setenvif.so

mod_authn_dbm.so mod_env.so mod_speling.so

mod_authn_default.so mod_expires.so mod_status.so

mod_authn_file.so mod_ext_filter.so mod_substitute.so

mod_authz_dbm.so mod_filter.so mod_userdir.so

mod_authz_default.so mod_headers.so mod_version.so

mod_authz_groupfile.so mod_ident.so mod_vhost_alias.so

mod_authz_host.so mod_imagemap.so

mod_authz_owner.so mod_include.so

[ root@niejicai-linux apache2]#

[root@niejicai-linux apache2]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -t 检测配置文件是否有问题

httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 218.204.57.254 for ServerName

Syntax OK

[root@niejicai-linux apache2]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -l

Compiled in modules:

core.c

prefork.c

http_core.c

mod_so.c

[root@niejicai-linux apache2]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -M

httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 218.204.57.254 for ServerName

Loaded Modules:

core_module (static)

mpm_prefork_module (static)

http_module (static)

so_module (static)

authn_file_module (shared)

authn_dbm_module (shared)

。。。。。。。。。

[root@niejicai-linux apache2]# cat /usr/local/apache2/build/config.nice

#! /bin/sh 一个Apache很老了，可以这样查看编译选项！

# Created by configure

"./configure" \

"--prefix=/usr/local/apache2" \

"--enable-mods-shared=most" \

"--enable-so" \

"$@"

[ root@niejicai-linux apache2]#

启动：

[root@niejicai-linux apache2]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start

httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 218.204.57.254 for ServerName

httpd (pid 2687) already running

[root@niejicai-linux apache2]# echo $?

[ root@niejicai-linux apache2]#

[root@niejicai-linux apache2]# ps aux |grep httpd

root 2687 0.0 1.8 4692 2124 ? Ss 11:53 0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd

daemon 2688 0.0 1.1 4828 1368 ? S 11:53 0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd

daemon 2689 0.0 1.1 4828 1368 ? S 11:53 0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd

daemon 2690 0.0 1.1 4828 1368 ? S 11:53 0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd

daemon 2691 0.0 1.1 4828 1368 ? S 11:53 0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd

daemon 2692 0.0 1.1 4828 1368 ? S 11:53 0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd

root 2719 0.0 0.7 4424 828 pts/1 S+ 12:04 0:00 grep --color httpd

[ root@niejicai-linux apache2]#

[root@niejicai-linux apache2]# netstat -lnp

Active Internet connections (only servers)

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5056/mysqld

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2138/sshd

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1988/cupsd

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2315/master

tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 2687/httpd

tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 2138/sshd

tcp 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 1988/cupsd

tcp 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 2315/master

udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:631 0.0.0.0:* 1988/cupsd

[ root@niejicai-linux apache2]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -t

httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 218.204.57.254 for ServerName

Syntax OK 把这行去掉！只需要更改如下的配置

[ root@niejicai-linux apache2]# vim conf/httpd.conf

# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify

# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.

# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.

ServerName www.example.com

# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your

[root@niejicai-linux apache2]# ./bin/apachectl -t 检测（-t=test测试）

Syntax OK

[root@niejicai-linux apache2]# ./bin/httpd -t

Syntax OK

[root@niejicai-linux apache2]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl graceful (不杀死进程的情况下，过度重启）

测试成功：

在Windows上

在Linux服务器上测试

[root@niejicai-linux apache2]# curl localhost

<html><body><h1 >It works!</h1></body></html>[ root@niejicai-linux apache2]#

[root@niejicai-linux apache2]# curl localhost -I

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Date: Tue, 15 Dec 2015 04:24:50 GMT

Server: Apache/2.2.27 (Unix) DAV/2

Last-Modified: Sat, 20 Nov 2004 20:16:24 GMT

ETag: "e3a12-2c-3e9564c23b600"

Accept-Ranges: bytes

Content-Length: 44

Content-Type: text/html

[ root@niejicai-linux apache2]#

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

第3：安装php

[ root@niejicai-linux src]# ls

httpd-2.2.27 mysql-5.1.34-linux-i686-icc-glibc23.tar.gz

httpd-2.2.27.tar.bz2 php-5.3.28.tar.gz

[root@niejicai-linux src]#tar zxf php-5.3.28.tar.gz

[ root@niejicai-linux src]# ls

httpd-2.2.27 php-5.3.28

httpd-2.2.27.tar.bz2 php-5.3.28.tar.gz

mysql-5.1.34-linux-i686-icc-glibc23.tar.gz

[ root@niejicai-linux src]#

[root@niejicai-linux src]# cd php-5.3.28

[root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]#

[root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif --disable-ipv6

Configuring extensions

checking size of long... (cached) 4

checking size of int... (cached) 4

checking for int32_t... yes

checking for uint32_t... yes

checking for sys/types.h... (cached) yes

checking for inttypes.h... (cached) yes

checking for stdint.h... (cached) yes

checking for string.h... (cached) yes

checking for stdlib.h... (cached) yes

checking for strtoll... yes

checking for atoll... yes

checking for strftime... (cached) yes

checking which regex library to use... php

checking whether to enable LIBXML support... yes

checking libxml2 install dir... yes

checking for xml2-config path...

configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 insta llation. 这里有问题了，需要去排查！！！

[ root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]#

排查如下：

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# rpm -qa | grep libxml2

[ root@niejicai-linux ~]#

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# yum install -y libxml2

[ root@niejicai-linux ~]#

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# yum install -y libxml2-devel

然后继续编译：

checking for xml2-config path... /usr/bin/xml2-config

checking whether libxml build works... yes

checking for OpenSSL support... yes

checking for Kerberos support... no

checking for DSA_get_default_method in -lssl... no

checking for X509_free in -lcrypto... no

checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config

configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's <evp.h> 又出问题了继续排查！！！

[ root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]#

解决：

[ root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]#yum install openssl

[ root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]#yum install openssl-devel

继续编译

checking if the location of ZLIB install directory is defined... yes

checking for gzgets in -lz... yes

checking whether to enable bc style precision math functions... no

checking for BZip2 support... yes

checking for BZip2 in default path... not found

configure: error: Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution 有出问题继续排查！！！！

[ root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]#

解决方法：

[root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]# yum install bzip2 bzip2-devel

继续编译

checking for T1lib support... no

checking whether to enable truetype string function in GD... yes

checking whether to enable JIS-mapped Japanese font support in GD... no

checking for fabsf... yes

checking for floorf... yes

configure: error: jpeglib.h not found. 又出现问题了！！！！

[ root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]#

解决方法：

[root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]# yum install libjpeg libjpeg-devel

继续编译

checking for T1lib support... no

checking whether to enable truetype string function in GD... yes

checking whether to enable JIS-mapped Japanese font support in GD... no

checking for fabsf... yes

checking for floorf... yes

checking for jpeg_read_header in -ljpeg... yes

configure: error: png.h not found. 又出问题了，继续排查！！！

[ root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]#

解决方法：

[root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]# yum install libpng libpng-devel

继续编译

checking for fabsf... yes

checking for floorf... yes

checking for jpeg_read_header in -ljpeg... yes

checking for png_write_image in -lpng... yes

If configure fails try --with-xpm-dir=<DIR>

configure: error: freetype.h not found. 又出现问题了！！！

[ root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]#

解决方法：

[root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]#yum install freetype-devel

继续编译

checking whether time.h and sys/time.h may both be included... yes

checking for working alloca.h... (cached) yes

checking for alloca... (cached) yes

checking for 8-bit clean memcmp... yes

checking for stdarg.h... (cached) yes

checking for mcrypt support... yes

configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt. 又出问题了！！！！

[ root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]#

解决方法：

[ root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]# yum install libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel

继续编译

如下已经安装成功！！

[root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]#make

[root@niejicai-linux php-5.3.28]#make install

安装完成！！！！！！！@@

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

测试：：：(

/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

为Apache 的配置文件！）

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# /usr/local/php/bin/php

php的可执行文件在这个目录下！

[ root@niejicai-linux ~]# vim 1.php 我们来写一个PHP，待下面进行测试！

[ root@niejicai-linux ~]# cat 1.php

<?php

echo "configuration";

echo "\n"

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# /usr/local/php/bin/php 1.php 去执行一下看看，写的脚本是否有问题

configuration 没有问题

看看php加载了那些模块

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -m 列出来加载的模块！

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -i 查看php加载模块的参数！！

下面看一下Apache怎么去调用PHP

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# ls /usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp5.so

/usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp5.so

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# cp /usr/local/src/php-5.3.28/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

这里是测试用的，就用development

线上生成环境的话，就用production

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -i |grep -i configuration

Configuration File (php.ini) Path => /usr/local/php/etc

Loaded Configuration File => /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

Configuration

PHP Warning: Unknown: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most li kely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/no DST ' instead in Unknown on line 0

[root@niejicai-linux ~]#cat /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf 查看一下配置文件，是否自动加载

LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so

已经自动加载！

也可以通过命令来检测一下

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -M

php5_module (shared) 已经加载进来！！！

当然，现在还没有完全的解释你的php,还需要继续配置！

vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf找到：

Options FollowSymLinks

AllowOverride None

Order deny,allow

Deny from all

</Directory>

改为：

Options FollowSymLinks

AllowOverride None

Order deny,allow

Allow from all

</Directory>

找到:

AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

在该行下面添加:

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php （注意看格式，第一次操作的时候，就出现了问题！

找到:

DirectoryIndex index.html

</IfModule>

将该行改为:

DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php

</IfModule>

找到:

#ServerName www.example.com:80

修改为:

ServerName localhost:80

改完以上的配置，下面去验证一下，配置是否更改正确

[ root@niejicai-linux ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

[ root@niejicai-linux ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -t

Syntax OK

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart 更改配置文件之后需要重启！

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# mv 1.php /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ 这个是存放网站的目录下！！！！！，所以要把php放在这里了来！

[ root@niejicai-linux ~]# curl localhost/1.php 测试是否解析成功！！！

<?php

echo "configuration"; 如果是这样情况是否解析不成功的！！！

echo "\n"

现在我们要进行一一排查！！

第一：

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -M |grep -i php

Syntax OK

php5_module (shared)

第二：

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php 看看是否有这个

DirectoryIndex index.html index.php 看看是否添加了这个选项！

</IfModule>

第三：

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# getenforce

Disabled

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# iptables -nvL

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 868 packets, 82081 bytes)

pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destinati on

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)

pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destinati on

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 686 packets, 125K bytes)

pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destinati on

[ root@niejicai-linux ~]# iptables -F

第四：

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -t

Syntax OK

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart

最后我们在来测试一下，看看是否可以解析出来，测试方式：

第一种：

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# curl localhost/1.php 按照这种情况，说明是可以解析出来了！！！！！

configuration

[ root@niejicai-linux ~]#

第二种：

[ root@niejicai-linux ~]# curl http://127.0.0.1/

<html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>

[ root@niejicai-linux ~]# curl http://127.0.0.1/1.php

configuration

[ root@niejicai-linux ~]#

第三种：

[ root@niejicai-linux ~]# curl http://192.168.1.218/1.php

configuration

第四种：

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

另外，还可以换一下PHP

[ root@niejicai-linux ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/niejicai.php

[root@niejicai-linux ~]# cat /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/niejicai.php

<?php

phpinfo();

[ root@niejicai-linux ~]#

测试如下：