使用线程池(3)

线程池与并行度

简介

对比创建500个线程和将500个线程放入线程池中。发现创建500个线程消耗了大量的操作系统资源，消耗的时间段；而把线程放到线程池中节省了内存和线程数，但是执行的时间变长了。

以下是代码实践:

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Threading;

namespace 线程池与并行度
{
    internal class Program
    {
        private static void Main()
        {
           const int numberOfOperation = 500;
           //Stopwatch类，提供一组用于精确计时的方法和属性
            var sw=new Stopwatch();
            sw.Start();//开始计时
            UseThreads(numberOfOperation);
            sw.Stop();//结束计时
            Console.WriteLine("Excution time using threads: {0}", sw.ElapsedMilliseconds);

            sw.Reset();//停止计时并且将计时值清零
            sw.Start();
            UserThreadPool(numberOfOperation);
            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("Excution time using threads: {0}", sw.ElapsedMilliseconds);

            Console.ReadKey();

        }

        private static void UseThreads(int numberOfOperation)
        {
            //CountdownEvent类在计数为零时得到信号
            using (var countdown = new CountdownEvent(numberOfOperation))
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Scheduling work by creating threads");
                for (var i = 0; i < numberOfOperation; i++)
                {
                    var thread=new Thread(() =>
                    {
                        Console.Write("{0},",Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
                        Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.1));
                        countdown.Signal();//向CountdownEvent注册信号,减少CurrentCount属性的值.
                    });
                    thread.Start();
                }
                countdown.Wait();//无限期阻塞当前线程，直到CurrentCount属性的值为零
                Console.WriteLine();
            }
        }

        private static void UserThreadPool(int numberOfOperation)
        {
            using (var countdown=new CountdownEvent(numberOfOperation))
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Starting work on a threadpool");
                for (var i = 0; i < numberOfOperation; i++)
                {
                    ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(_ =>
                    {
                        Console.Write("{0},",Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
                        Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.1));
                        countdown.Signal();
                    });
                }
                countdown.Wait();
                Console.WriteLine();
            }
        }
    }
}

总结

1. CountdownEvent类可以用来同步线程CountdownEvent(int number)初始化，Signal()向CountdownEvent注册信号,减少CurrentCount属性的值，countdown.Wait()无限期阻塞当前线程，直到CurrentCount属性的值为零
2. Stopwatch类，提供一组用于精确计时的方法和属性，Start()开始计时，Reset()停止计时并且将计时值清零，Stop()结束计时，ElapsedMilliseconds属性获取计时值，以毫秒计。

备注：学习《Multithreading in C# 5.0 Cookbook》Eugene Agafonov著的总结，以备日后查询。