各向同性+随动硬化+过应力-vumat-理论推导

1.各向同性+随动硬化

1.1 屈服准则与本构

先不考虑过应力，屈服函数：
$$f={\left[\frac{3}{2}({\sigma }^{\prime }-\alpha ):({\sigma }^{\prime }-\alpha )\right]}^{\frac{1}{2}}-h({\bar{\epsilon }}^p)\text{\hspace{1em}(1.1.1)}$$
其中，随动硬化的背应力的等效Mises应力满足:
$${\alpha }_{Mises}=A{\left({\bar{\epsilon }}^p\right)}^n\text{\hspace{1em}(1.1.2a)}$$
背应力的增量形式：
$$\Delta \alpha =\frac{\partial {\alpha }_{Mises}}{\partial {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}\Delta {\epsilon }^P\text{\hspace{1em}(1.1.2b)}$$
各向同性硬化：
$$h({\bar{\epsilon }}^p)=B{\left({\bar{\epsilon }}^p\right)}^m\text{\hspace{1em}(1.1.3)}$$

偏应力形式的Mises等效应力:
$${\sigma }_{Mises}={\left[\frac{3}{2}\left({{\sigma }_{11}^{\prime }}^2+{{\sigma }_{22}^{\prime }}^2+{{\sigma }_{33}^{\prime }}^2+2{{\sigma }_{12}}^2+2{{\sigma }_{23}}^2+2{{\sigma }_{13}}^2\right)\right]}^{\frac{1}{2}}\text{\hspace{1em}(1.1.4)}$$

其中: ${\sigma }_{11}^{\prime }={\sigma }_{11}-{\sigma }_v$ ，${\sigma }_{22}^{\prime }={\sigma }_{22}-{\sigma }_v$， ${\sigma }_{33}^{\prime }={\sigma }_{33}-{\sigma }_v$； ${\sigma }_v=\frac{1}{3}\left[{\sigma }_{11}+{\sigma }_{22}+{\sigma }_{33}\right]$

Mises等效塑性应变：
$${\bar{\epsilon }}^p={\left[\frac{2}{3}\left({{\epsilon }_{11}}^2+{{\epsilon }_{22}}^2+{{\epsilon }_{33}}^2+2{{\epsilon }_{12}}^2+2{{\epsilon }_{23}}^2+2{{\epsilon }_{13}}^2\right)\right]}^{\frac{1}{2}}\text{\hspace{1em}(1.1.5)}$$

塑性流动方向垂直于屈服面：
$$\Delta {\epsilon }^p=\frac{3}{2}\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p\frac{{\sigma }^{\prime }-\alpha }{({\sigma }^{\prime }-\alpha {)}_{Mises}}\text{\hspace{1em}(1.1.6)}$$

1.2 牛顿迭代法求解

将$\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p$视为自变量，求解屈服函数 $f=0$。$f$ 对$\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p$的导数 $f^{\prime }$
$$f^{\prime }=\frac{\partial f}{\partial \Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}=\frac{3}{2}\frac{({\sigma }^{\prime }-\alpha ):\left(\frac{\partial {\sigma }^{\prime }}{\partial \Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}-\frac{\partial \alpha }{\partial \Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}\right)}{{\left[\frac{3}{2}({\sigma }^{\prime }-\alpha ):({\sigma }^{\prime }-\alpha )\right]}^{\frac{1}{2}}}-Bm{\left({\bar{\epsilon }}^p\right)}^{m-1}\text{\hspace{1em}(1.2.1)}$$
其中：
$$\frac{\partial {\sigma }^{\prime }}{\partial \Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}=\frac{\partial {\sigma }^{\prime }}{\partial \Delta {\epsilon }^p}\cdot \frac{\partial \Delta {\epsilon }^p}{\partial \Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}$$

$${\sigma }^{\prime }={\mathbb{L}}^{\prime }:{{\epsilon }^e}^{\prime }={\mathbb{L}}^{\prime }:({\epsilon }^{\prime }-{\epsilon }^P)=2G({\epsilon }^{\prime }-{\epsilon }^P)$$

$$\frac{\partial \Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}{\partial \Delta {\epsilon }^p}=\frac{2\Delta {\epsilon }^p}{3\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}$$

$$\frac{\partial {\sigma }^{\prime }}{\partial \Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}=\frac{3G\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}{\Delta {\epsilon }^p}=2G\frac{({\sigma }^{\prime }-\alpha {)}_{Mises}}{{\sigma }^{\prime }-\alpha }\text{\hspace{1em}(1.2.2)}$$

$$\frac{\partial \alpha }{\partial \Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}=\frac{\partial \alpha }{\partial {\alpha }_{Mises}}\cdot \frac{\partial {\alpha }_{Mises}}{\partial \Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}=\frac{{\alpha }_{Mises}}{\alpha }An{\left({\bar{\epsilon }}^p\right)}^{n-1}\text{\hspace{1em}(1.2.3)}$$

因此：$$f^{\prime }=\frac{3G({\sigma }^{\prime }-\alpha {)}_{Mises}-\frac{({\sigma }^{\prime }-\alpha )}{\alpha }{\alpha }_{Mises}An{\left({\bar{\epsilon }}^p\right)}^{n-1}}{\left[({\sigma }^{\prime }-\alpha {)}_{Mises}\right]}-Bm{\left({\bar{\epsilon }}^p\right)}^{m-1}\text{\hspace{1em}(1.2.4)}$$

第一步迭代$\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}_1^p=0$

代入(1.1.1)和(1.2.4)$$d\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p=-\frac{f}{f^{\prime }}$$

$$\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}_{n+1}^p=\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}_n^p+d\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p$$

更新 ${\sigma }^{\prime }$ 和 $\alpha$，相应的${\sigma }_{Mises}^{\prime }$，${\alpha }_{Mises}$ 和$({\sigma }^{\prime }-\alpha {)}_{Mises}$

判断 $d\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p$ 的大小，大于误差值，继续循环；小于误差值，输出最后一步的$\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}_n^p$ 。

2. 各向同性+随动硬化+过应力

1.2 过应力模型

过应力函数：
$$\eta \dot{{\bar{\epsilon }}^p}={\left[\frac{3}{2}({\sigma }^{\prime }-\alpha ):({\sigma }^{\prime }-\alpha )\right]}^{\frac{1}{2}}-h({\bar{\epsilon }}^p)\text{\hspace{1em}(1.2.1)}$$

应力增量：
$$\Delta {\sigma }^{\prime }={\mathbb{L}}^{\prime }:\Delta {\epsilon }^e+\eta \Delta {\dot{\epsilon }}^p\text{\hspace{1em}(1.2.2)}$$
中心差值：
$$\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p=\frac{1}{2}\left({\dot{\bar{\epsilon }}}_t^p+{\dot{\bar{\epsilon }}}_{t+\Delta t}^p\right)\Delta t$$

$${\dot{\bar{\epsilon }}}_{t+\Delta t}^p=\frac{2\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}{\Delta t}-{\dot{\bar{\epsilon }}}_t^p\text{\hspace{1em}(1.2.3)}$$
未知量 $\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p$，

$$\eta \left(\frac{2\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}{\Delta t}-{\dot{\bar{\epsilon }}}_t^p\right)={\left[\frac{3}{2}({\sigma }_{t+\Delta t}^{\prime }-{\alpha }_{t+\Delta t}):({\sigma }_{t+\Delta t}^{\prime }-{\alpha }_{t+\Delta t})\right]}^{\frac{1}{2}}-h({\bar{\epsilon }}_{t+\Delta t}^p)$$

$$\mathbf{\varphi }=\eta \left(\frac{2\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}{\Delta t}-{\dot{\bar{\epsilon }}}_t^p\right)-{\left[\frac{3}{2}({\sigma }_{t+\Delta t}^{\prime }-{\alpha }_{t+\Delta t}):({\sigma }_{t+\Delta t}^{\prime }-{\alpha }_{t+\Delta t})\right]}^{\frac{1}{2}}+h({\bar{\epsilon }}_{t+\Delta t}^p)=0\text{\hspace{1em}(1.2.4)}$$

2.2 牛顿迭代法求解

求解函数 $\mathbf{\varphi }=0$，${\mathbf{\varphi }}^{\prime }=\frac{\partial \mathbf{\varphi }}{\partial \Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}$

$${\mathbf{\varphi }}^{\prime }=\frac{2\eta }{\Delta t}-\frac{\left[\frac{3}{2}(\frac{\partial {\sigma }_{t+\Delta t}^{\prime }}{\partial \Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}-\frac{{\alpha }_{t+\Delta t})}{\partial \Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}:({\sigma }_{t+\Delta t}^{\prime }-{\alpha }_{t+\Delta t})\right]}{{\left[\frac{3}{2}({\sigma }_{t+\Delta t}^{\prime }-{\alpha }_{t+\Delta t}):({\sigma }_{t+\Delta t}^{\prime }-{\alpha }_{t+\Delta t})\right]}^{\frac{1}{2}}}+\frac{\partial h({\bar{\epsilon }}_{t+\Delta t}^p)}{\partial \Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}\text{\hspace{1em}(2.2.1)}$$

应力更新的表达式：
$${\sigma }_{t+\Delta t}^{\prime }={\mathbb{L}}^{\prime }:({\epsilon }_t^e+\Delta \epsilon -\Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p)+2\eta (\frac{\Delta {\epsilon }^p}{\Delta t}-{\dot{\bar{\epsilon }}}_t^p)\text{\hspace{1em}(2.2.2)}$$

应力对等效性应变求导：
$$\frac{\partial {\sigma }_{t+\Delta t}^{\prime }}{\partial \Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}=-{\mathbb{L}}^{\prime }:I+\frac{2\eta }{\Delta t}$$

背应力对等效塑性应变求导，与（1.2.3）相同：
$$\frac{\partial \alpha }{\partial \Delta {\bar{\epsilon }}^p}=\frac{{\alpha }_{Mise{s}_{t+\Delta t}}}{{\alpha }_t+\Delta \alpha }An{\left({\bar{\epsilon }}^p\right)}^{n-1}\text{\hspace{1em}(2.2.3)}$$