《Think Python》练习 4-1：本章示例代码栈图、停止点偏离思考

第4章 案例研究：接口设计

练习 4-1 本章示例代码栈图、停止点偏离思考

【习题 4.1.1】 画一个栈图来显示函数 circle(bob, radius) 运行时的程序状态。
《Think Python》第4章示例代码（仅circle相关，完整版点击）：

"""This module contains a code example related to

Think Python, 2nd Edition
by Allen Downey
http://thinkpython2.com

Copyright 2015 Allen Downey

License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
"""

from __future__ import print_function, division

import math
import turtle


def polyline(t, n, length, angle):
    """Draws n line segments.

    t: Turtle object
    n: number of line segments
    length: length of each segment
    angle: degrees between segments
    """
    for i in range(n):
        t.fd(length)
        t.lt(angle)


def arc(t, r, angle):
    """Draws an arc with the given radius and angle.

    t: Turtle
    r: radius
    angle: angle subtended by the arc, in degrees
    """
    arc_length = 2 * math.pi * r * abs(angle) / 360
    n = int(arc_length / 4) + 3
    step_length = arc_length / n
    step_angle = float(angle) / n

    # making a slight left turn before starting reduces
    # the error caused by the linear approximation of the arc
    t.lt(step_angle/2)
    polyline(t, n, step_length, step_angle)
    t.rt(step_angle/2)


def circle(t, r):
    """Draws a circle with the given radius.

    t: Turtle
    r: radius
    """
    arc(t, r, 360)


# the following condition checks whether we are
# running as a script, in which case run the test code,
# or being impor