【Nginx】Nginx安装

系统平台：CentOS release 6.5 (Final) 64位。

安装编译工具及库文件

yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool  openssl openssl-devel

首先要安装 PCRE

PCRE 作用是让 Nginx 支持 Rewrite 功能。

路由重写是Web服务器中的一个很重要的基本功能。通过路由重写，可以结构化URL，更具语义化（对SEO有益）。另外，分享出去的URL可能会因程序路由变动而导致URL失效，而路由的重写可以很好的解决这类问题。

适当的使用Rewrite功能，可以更我们带来很多的好处。Nginx中Rewrite的功能是基于perl语言兼容的正则表达式，所以在编译安装nginx之前，需要安装PREC库。Nginx中Rewrite功能实现是基于ngx_http_rewrite_module，所以确保安装了此模块。

1.下载 PCRE 安装包，下载地址： Download PCRE from SourceForge.net

[root@bogon src]# wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz

2.解压安装包:

[root@bogon src]# tar zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz

3.进入安装包目录

[root@bogon src]# cd pcre-8.35

4.编译安装 

[root@bogon pcre-8.35]# ./configure

[root@bogon pcre-8.35]# make && make install

5.查看pcre版本

[root@bogon pcre-8.35]# pcre-config --version

安装 Nginx

1、下载 Nginx，下载地址：http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.17.5.tar.gz 

[root@bogon src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.17.5.tar.gz

2、解压安装包

[root@bogon src]# tar zxvf nginx-1.17.5.tar.gz

3、进入安装包目录

[root@bogon src]# cd nginx-1.17.5

4、编译安装

x需要提前安装好pcre-devel和openssl-devel

yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel

否则会报错误提示：

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.

./configure: error: the HTTP cache module requires md5 functions

from OpenSSL library.   You can either disable the module by using
--without-http-cache option, or install the OpenSSL library into the system,
or build the OpenSSL library statically from the source with nginx by using
--with-http_ssl_module --with-openssl=<path> options.

 然后再编译

注意这一步是在解压后的文件夹内编译， --prefix后面的目录是空的安装目录，不能是同一个目录，例如解压且要编译的目录是/opt/soft/nginx，安装目录在/opt/module/nginx-1.17.5

否则会报错cp: ‘conf/koi-win‘ and ‘xxx/conf/koi-win‘ are the same file

[root@bogon nginx-1.17.5]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/module/nginx-1.17.5 --conf-path=/opt/module/nginx-1.17.5/conf/nginx.conf --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/opt/module/pcre-8.35

[root@bogon nginx-1.17.5]# make && make install

5、查看nginx版本

[root@bogon nginx1.17.5]# ./sbin/nginx -v

到此，nginx安装完成。

 Nginx 配置

创建 Nginx 运行使用的用户 www：

[root@bogon conf]# /usr/sbin/groupadd www 

[root@bogon conf]# /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

配置nginx.conf ，将/opt/module/nginx-1.17.5/conf/nginx.conf替换为以下内容

[root@bogon conf]#  cat /opt/module/nginx-1.17.5/conf/nginx.conf

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;
#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;

    #tcp_nopush     on;
    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    #gzip  on;

    server {

        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;
        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
}

检查配置文件ngnix.conf的正确性命令：

[root@bogon conf]# /opt/module/nginx-1.17.5/sbin/nginx -t

启动 Nginx

Nginx 启动命令如下：

[root@bogon conf]# /opt/module/nginx-1.17.5/sbin/nginx

如果报错找不到error和access错误日志的路径，则在nginx安装目录下新建一个logs文件夹就可以搞定

访问站点

从浏览器访问我们配置的站点ip：

 192.168.0.XXX

 Nginx 其他命令

以下包含了 Nginx 常用的几个命令：

/opt/module/nginx-1.17.5/sbin/nginx -s reload            # 重新载入配置文件

/opt/module/nginx-1.17.5/sbin/nginx -s reopen            # 重启 Nginx

/opt/module/nginx-1.17.5/sbin/nginx -s stop              # 停止 Nginx

修改nginx.conf 并重启

1.把nginx.conf修改为：

#user  nobody;

worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;

#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;

#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;

events {

    worker_connections  1024;

}

http {

    include       mime.types;

    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;

    #tcp_nopush     on;

 

    #keepalive_timeout  0;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

#gzip  on;

# 配置web集群

    upstream bakend {

#ip_hash;

         server 192.168.0.204:8080 weight=1;

        server 192.168.0.170:8080 weight=1;

    }

    server {

        listen       80;

        server_name  localhost;

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

        location = /50x.html {

            root   html;

        }

location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|js|css)$ {

#proxy_pass http://192.168.0.170:8080;

proxy_pass http://bakend;

proxy_set_header Host $host;

proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

proxy_redirect off;

}

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80

        #

        location / {

             #proxy_pass   http://192.168.0.170:8080/;

proxy_pass http://bakend/;

         proxy_set_header Host $host;

     proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;

             proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

     proxy_redirect off;

}

    }

}

2.重启Nginx

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen

3. 从浏览器访问我们配置的站点：192.168.0.XXX如下图 部署成功