linux 搭建DNS正向解析详解

2.1正向解析（从主机名查询到IP）

2.1.1 安装bind，开启服务named

[root@localhost ~]# yum install bind –y
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart named

2.1.2 编辑配置文件/etc/named.conf
注意：ip必须为自动获取到的ip

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/named.conf

内容为:

options {
        listen-on port 53 { 192.168.233.128; };
        directory       "/var/named";
};
zone "baidu.com." IN {
        type master;
        file "baidu.com.zone";
};

解释
；代表

批注符号
查看

[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/named
[root@localhost named]# ll

总用量 16
drwxrwx—. 2 named named 23 8月 2 21:28 data
drwxrwx—. 2 named named 60 8月 2 21:28 dynamic
-rw-r-----. 1 root named 2281 5月 22 2017 named.ca
-rw-r-----. 1 root named 152 12月 15 2009 named.empty
-rw-r-----. 1 root named 152 6月 21 2007 named.localhost
-rw-r-----. 1 root named 168 12月 15 2009 named.loopback
drwxrwx—. 2 named named 6 5月 22 2017 slaves

2.1.3编辑配置文件/etc/named/ baidu.com.zone

[root@localhost named]# vim baidu.com.zone
$TTL 1D
@       IN  SOA  @  admin.baidu.com.   (
                                              0
                                              1D
                                              1H
                                              1W
                                              3H  )
        IN       NS       ns.baidu.com.
        IN       MX       10          mail.baidu.com.
ns      IN       A        192.168.233.128
mail    IN       A        192.168.233.1
www     IN       A        192.168.233.2
www     IN       A        192.168.233.3
ftp     IN        CNAME    www

解释
$TTL 缓存记忆

时间
@：代表zone(域的记录)
SOA:start of Authority 开始验证
NS:NameServer 后面记录的数据是dns服务器的意思
A:Address
0 序号
1D 更新频率
1H 失败重新尝试时间
1W 失效时间
3H 缓存时间
2.1.4.重启服务named并查看状态

[root@localhost named]# systemctl restart named
[root@localhost named]# systemctl status named

● named.service - Berkeley Internet Name Domain (DNS)
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/named.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 四 2018-08-02 21:49:25 CST; 8s ago

2.1.5发送域名查询信息包到域名服务器

[root@localhost named]# dig -t A www.baidu.com @192.168.233.128

[root@localhost named]# dig -t MX www.baidu.com @192.168.233.128

[root@localhost named]# dig -t MS www.baidu.com @192.168.233.128

[root@localhost named]# dig -t NS www.baidu.com @192.168.233.128

[root@localhost named]# dig -t CNMAE ftp.baidu.com @192.168.233.128