JDBC的链接及封装

导入 mysql 的jar包
jar包:可以直接拿来用,又不想我们看到源代码
 
sql语句 一定注意:当update,delete时 一定注意where 条件,一定要写!!!
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public  static  void  add() {
             // try catch 捕获异常,try有异常会跳到catch
             Connection con =  null ;
             try  {
                   // 1.选择要连接哪一种数据库---JDBC加载数据库驱动
                   Class.forName( "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" );
                   // 2.创建链接(主机名,端口号,用户名,密码)---url包含主机名+端口号+数据库
                   con = DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/yyy" "root" "123456" );
                   // 3.选择操作的数据库--此动作在上一步的url中集成
                   // 4.创建命令窗口 写 sql语句
                   PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement( "insert into zhuce (name,password,sex,id) value(?,?,?,?)" );
                   pstmt.setString( 1 "8888" );
                   pstmt.setString( 2 "8888" );
                   pstmt.setString( 3 "F" );
                   pstmt.setString( 4 "8888" );
                   // 5.运行sql语句 ,查看结果---增删改调用executeUpdate 返回受影响的行数;查询调用 executeQuery
                   // 返回查询结果集官网:www.fhadmin.org
                   int  result = pstmt.executeUpdate();
                   System.out.println(result);
 
             catch  (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                   e.printStackTrace();
             catch  (SQLException e) {
                   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                   e.printStackTrace();
             finally  {
                   try  {
                         if  (con !=  null ) {
                               con.close();
                         }
                   catch  (SQLException e) {
                         e.printStackTrace();
                   }
             }
       }
public  static  void  main (String[] args){
                   add();
       }

以上是add方法官网:www.fhadmin.org,update和delete方法只是改变了sql语句

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update: //根据主键查询
PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement( "update zhuce set sex=?,id=? where name=? and password=?" );
pstmt.setString( 1 "M" );
pstmt.setString( 2 "2222" );
pstmt.setString( 3 "2222" );
pstmt.setString( 4 "1111" );
 
delete: //删除主键
PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement( "delete from zhuce where name=?and password=?" );
pstmt.setString( 1 "8888" );
pstmt.setString( 2 "8888" );

 JDBC的封装

将1,2步  close  sql语句的输出 进行封装

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public  class  JdbcUtil {
     public  static  Connection getConnection(){
       Connection con = null ;
       try  {
             //1.加载驱动
                   Class.forName( "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" );
                   //2.创建连接
                   con=DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/yyy" "root" "123456" );
             catch  (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                   e.printStackTrace();
             catch  (SQLException e) {
                   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                   e.printStackTrace();
             }
       return  con;
     }
 
     public  static  void  close(Connection con){
       try  {
             if (con!= null ){
                       con.close();
             }
             catch  (SQLException e) {
                   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                   e.printStackTrace();
             }
     }
 
     public  static  int  executeUpdate(String sql,Object[] params){
       Connection con = getConnection();
       int  result = 0 ;
       try  {
                   PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
                   if (params!= null ){
                       for ( int  i= 0 ;i<params.length;i++){
                         pstmt.setObject(i+ 1 , params[i]);
                       }
                   }
                   result = pstmt.executeUpdate();
             catch  (SQLException e) {
                   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                   e.printStackTrace();
             } finally  {
                   close(con);
             }
       return  result;
     }
}
JAVABEAN
又叫 bean 等
跟数据库里面的表发生映射
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package  com.neuedu.bean;
 
import  com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.Init;
 
public  class  Student {
     private  Integer sid;
     private  String sname;
     private  Integer age;
     private  Integer sex;
     //这四句代码就是javabean
       public  Integer getSid() {
             return  sid;
       }
       public  void  setSid(Integer sid) {
             this .sid = sid;
       }
       public  String getSname() {
             return  sname;
       }
       public  void  setSname(String sname) {
             this .sname = sname;
       }
       public  Integer getAge() {
             return  age;
       }
       public  void  setAge(Integer age) {
             this .age = age;
       }
       public  Integer getSex() {
             return  sex;
       }
       public  void  setSex(Integer sex) {
             this .sex = sex;
       }
       public  Student(Integer sid, String sname, Integer age, Integer sex) {
             super ();
             this .sid = sid;
             this .sname = sname;
             this .age = age;
             this .sex = sex;
       }
       public  Student() {
             super ();
             // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
       }
       @Override
       public  String toString() {
             return  "Student [sid="  + sid +  ", sname="  + sname +  ", age="  + age +  ", sex="  + sex +  "]" ;
       }
 
}
简化
使用动态数组
//一个方法中只能有一个动态参数
//动态参数必须位于参数列表的最后一个
将之前object[] 改成 动态数组 object...
1
public  static  int  executeUpdate(String sql,Object... params)

 增删改 方法简化

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public  static  int  update(Student student){
        return  JdbcUtil.executeUpdate( "update student set sname=?,age=?,sex=? where sid=?" ,student.getSname(),student.getAge(),student.getSex(),student.getSid());
       }
 
public  static  int   add(Student student) {
        return  JdbcUtil.executeUpdate( "insert into student (sid,sname,age,sex) values(?,?,?,?)" , student.getSid(),student.getSname(),student.getAge(),student.getSex());
       }
 
public  static  int   delete( int  id){
        return  JdbcUtil.executeUpdate( "delete from student where sid=?" , id);
       }

 

查询不适合用数组,因为不知道有多少数据;用集合,集合有两种   ArrayList,LinkedList
基于 ArrayList(Vector,ArrayList)适合查询,而LinkedList(链表)适合添加,删除操作。
用到 游标 的操作:rs.next() ,判断有没有下一行数据,有的话 游标推到下一行,并返回true ;反之 返回false 。 首先从最上面开始
第一次调用rs.next() 就会调用首行的下一行,也就是第一行数据
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public  static  List<Student> getStudents(){
         Connection con =  null ;
         List<Student> list =  new  ArrayList<>();
         try  {
              Class.forName( "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" );
              con=DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/yyy" "root" "123456" );
              PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement( "select * from student" );
              ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
              while (rs.next()){
                    Student student= new  Student();
                    student.setSid(rs.getInt( "sid" ));
                    student.setSname(rs.getString( "sname" ));
                    student.setSname(rs.getString( "age" ));
                    student.setSname(rs.getString( "sex" ));
                    list.add(student);
              }
         catch  (ClassNotFoundException e) {
               // TODO Auto-generated catch block
               e.printStackTrace();
         catch  (SQLException e) {
             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
         } finally {
               try  {
                     if (con!= null ){
                           con.close();
                     }
               catch  (Exception e2) {
                     // TODO: handle exception
                }
         }
         return  list;
    }
}
 
public  static  void  main (String[] args){
     List<Student> students=getStudents();
     System.out.println(students);

 

 

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