背包问题

背包只能装s重量，有N个物体，重量分别为w1,w2...wn，若要蒋背包恰好装s ，问如何用递归方法实现，语言不限。

C语言实现
/* 简化背包问题的递归算法*/

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

int knap(int s, int n, int w[]) {
    if ( s == 0 )
        return (1);
    else if ( s<0 || s>0 && n<1 )
        return(0);
    else if ( knap(s - w[n-1], n - 1, w)==1 ) {
        printf("result: n=%d ,w[%d]=%d  /n", n, n-1, w[n-1]);
        return (1);
    }
    else
        return ( knap(s, n - 1, w) );
}

int main() {
    int* w;
    int s = 0, n = 0, result = 0, i = 0;
    printf("please  input s = ");/*输入s*/
    scanf("%d", &s);
    printf("please  input n = ");/*输入n*/
    scanf("%d", &n);
    w = (int*)malloc(n*sizeof(int));
    printf("please input the %d numbers(weight):/n", n);/*输入重量*/
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
        scanf("%d", w+i);
    result = knap(s, n, w);
    if (result == 0)
        printf("no solution!/n");
    return 0;
}


Java语言实现1
import java.util.Vector;

public class KAO
{
  public boolean digui(double s,double[] w,Vector retVec)
  {
    int i,j;
    double dblSum = 0; //放入包的总重量
    boolean blnFind = false; //找到标志
    double[] subW = null;
    int nowSize = retVec.size();
   
    //算出已经放入包的重量
    for(i=0; i<nowSize; i++) dblSum += ((Double)retVec.get(i)).doubleValue();
   
    //逐个递归
    for(i=0; i<w.length; i++)
    {
      Double dblobj = new Double(w[i]);
      retVec.add(dblobj);
      dblSum += w[i];
      if(dblSum==s)
        return true;
      else
      {
        subW = new double[w.length-1];
        System.arraycopy(w,0,subW,0,i);
        System.arraycopy(w,i+1,subW,i,subW.length-i);
        blnFind = digui(s,subW,retVec);
        if(blnFind)
          return true;
        else
          retVec.removeElementAt(nowSize);
      }//end if
    }//end for
   
    return false;
  }

  public static void main(String[] args)
  {
    Vector vec = new Vector();
    KAO kao = new KAO();
    double S = 21;
    double[] W = new double[]{7,4,2,9,5,1,3,6,8,10};
    boolean blnFind = kao.digui(S,W,vec);
    if(blnFind)
    {
      for(int i=0; i<vec.size(); i++)
        System.out.println( ((Double)vec.get(i)).doubleValue() );
    }
   
  }
}


Java语言实现2

package untitled2;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList;

/**
 * 物件类
 * <p>Title: </p>
 * <p>Description: </p>
 * <p>Copyright: Copyright (c) 2004</p>
 * <p>Company: </p>
 * @author not attributable
 * @version 1.0
 */
  class Thing {
    private int myWeight;

    public Thing(int weight){
      myWeight = weight;
    }

    public int getWeight(){
      return myWeight;
    }

    public void setWeight(int weight){
      myWeight = weight;
    }
   
    public String toString(){
      return Integer.toString(myWeight);
    }
  }

  /**
   * 包包类
   * <p>Title: </p>
   * <p>Description: </p>
   * <p>Copyright: Copyright (c) 2004</p>
   * <p>Company: </p>
   * @author not attributable
   * @version 1.0
   */
  class Bag{
    private List myThings = new ArrayList();
    private int allWeight = 0;
    private int thingNum = 0;

    public Bag(int cont) {
      allWeight = cont;
    }
   
    public List getThings(){
      return myThings;
    }
   
    public boolean putThings(Thing[] things){
      return putThings(things, 0, 0);
    }

    /**
     * 递归函数，放置指定的物件
     * @param things Thing[]
     * @param previousCont int
     * @param curNum int
     * @return boolean
     */
    private boolean putThings(Thing[] things, int previousCont, int curNum){
      if(things == null){
        return false;
      }

      if(previousCont < allWeight){
        for (int i = curNum; i < things.length; i++) {
          if(putThings(things, previousCont + things[i].getWeight(), i + 1)){
            myThings.add(thingNum++, things[i]);
            return true;
          }
        }
      } else if(previousCont == allWeight){
        return true;
      }

      return false;
    }
   
    public String toString(){
      StringBuffer b = new StringBuffer("I am a Bag, my weight is " + allWeight + "./r/n  I have " + thingNum + " Things: /r/n");
     
      for(int j = 1; j <= myThings.size(); j++){
        b.append("    The " + j + " Thing's weight is " + myThings.get(j-1) + ";/r/n");
      }
     
      return b.toString();
    }