springcloud（十三）springcloud-alibaba之sentinel服务熔断

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-28 10:00:00 发布

韭菜盖饭

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-28 10:00:00 发布

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分类专栏： springcloud 文章标签： java spring boot cloud 后端 restful

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/niulinbiao/article/details/119150541

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关键字解释

fallback：若本接口出现未知异常，则调用fallback指定的接口。

blockHandler：若本次访问被限流或服务降级，则调用blockHandler指定的接口。

一、案例

1.1、服务提供者

说明：一共两个服务提供者，这里只写出一个另一个除了端口不一样其它的都一样，不再一一赘述

1.1.1、目录结构

在这里插入图片描述

1.1.2、pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>com.zzuli.springcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.example</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
            <groupId>org.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--日常通用jar包配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

1.1.3、yml文件

server:
  port: 9003

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-payment-provider
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'

1.1.4、Controller类

这里简单的模拟一下服务类

package com.zzuli.springcloud.alibaba.controller;

import com.zzuli.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.zzuli.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.HashMap;


@RestController
public class PaymentController
{
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    public static HashMap<Long, Payment> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
    static
    {
        hashMap.put(1L,new Payment(1L,"28a8c1e3bc2742d8848569891fb42181"));
        hashMap.put(2L,new Payment(2L,"bba8c1e3bc2742d8848569891ac32182"));
        hashMap.put(3L,new Payment(3L,"6ua8c1e3bc2742d8848569891xt92183"));
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
    {
        Payment payment = hashMap.get(id);
        CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult(200,"from mysql,serverPort:  "+serverPort,payment);
        return result;
    }



}

1.1.5、主启动类

package com.zzuli.springcloud.alibaba;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;


@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain9003
{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9003.class, args);
    }
}

1.2、服务消费者

1.2.1、目录结构

在这里插入图片描述

1.2.2、pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>com.zzuli.springcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.example</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--SpringCloud openfeign -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--日常通用jar包配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

1.2.3、yml文件

server:
  port: 84


spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-order-consumer
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848
    sentinel:
      transport:
        #配置Sentinel dashboard地址
        dashboard: localhost:8080
        #默认8719端口，假如被占用会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描,直至找到未被占用的端口
        port: 8719

#消费者将要去访问的微服务名称(注册成功进nacos的微服务提供者)
service-url:
  nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider

# 激活Sentinel对Feign的支持
feign:
  sentinel:
    enabled: true

1.2.4、配置类

用于负载均衡以及Ribbon+RestTemplate的RPC服务的调用

package com.zzuli.springcloud.alibaba.config;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;


@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig
{
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate()
    {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

1.2.5、Srevice类

这里的Service类只是用于OpenFeign类型的接口调用
如果不考虑OpenFeign可以不写这个Service类

package com.zzuli.springcloud.alibaba.service;


import com.zzuli.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.zzuli.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;


@FeignClient(value = "nacos-payment-provider",fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class)
public interface PaymentService
{
    @GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}

package com.zzuli.springcloud.alibaba.service;


import com.zzuli.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.zzuli.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;


@Component
public class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentService
{
    @Override
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(Long id)
    {
        return new CommonResult<>(44444,"服务降级返回,---PaymentFallbackService",new Payment(id,"errorSerial"));
    }
}

1.2.6、Controller类

里面包含多种不同的情况对于服务熔断降级

package com.zzuli.springcloud.alibaba.controller;

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;

import com.zzuli.springcloud.alibaba.service.PaymentService;
import com.zzuli.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.zzuli.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;


@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController
{
    public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    //@SentinelResource(value = "fallback") //没有配置
//    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback") //fallback只负责业务异常
//    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler") //blockHandler只负责sentinel控制台配置违规
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler",
            exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class}
            )
    public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id)
    {
        CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id);

        if (id == 4) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
        }else if (result.getData() == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
        }

        return result;
    }
    //本例是fallback
    public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable  Long id,Throwable e) {
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容  "+e.getMessage(),payment);
    }
    //本例是blockHandler
    public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable  Long id,BlockException blockException) {
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException  "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
    }
//
//    //==================OpenFeign
//    @Resource
//    private PaymentService paymentService;
//
//    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/paymentSQL/{id}")
//    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
//    {
//        return paymentService.paymentSQL(id);
//    }
}

1.2.7、主启动类

package com.zzuli.springcloud.alibaba;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;


@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients  //使用OpenFeign
public class OrderNacosMain84
{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args);
    }
}

二、效果展示

说明
参数小于4是正常
等于4是非法参数
大于4报空指针

2.1、当只有fallback时

正常情况下
在这里插入图片描述
填入参数4时

参数大于4时

2.2、当只有blockHandler时

添加流控
在这里插入图片描述

正常参数条件下
在这里插入图片描述
当在正常条件下不符合限流规则时

参数为4

在这里插入图片描述

参数大于4
在这里插入图片描述

原因 blockHandler只管限流规则进行降级，对Java程序内部报错不进行降级处理

2.3、当fallback与blockHandler同时存在

 @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",
 blockHandler = "blockHandler",
 exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class})

下述代码表示fallback忽略该类型的异常

 exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class}

创建熔断规则
其实就是什么时候进行服务降级
在这里插入图片描述
正常条件下

参数为4
原因时忽略了改类型的异常，就直接报错

参数大于4
不符合熔断规则

符合熔断规则时

2.4、使用OpenFeign方式对服务进行调用，发生异常时进行fallback

正常条件下
在这里插入图片描述
将服务提供者关闭时
服务降级

韭菜盖饭

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springcloud（十三）springcloud-alibaba之sentinel服务熔断

关键字解释fallback：若本接口出现未知异常，则调用fallback指定的接口。blockHandler：若本次访问被限流或服务降级，则调用blockHandler指定的接口。一、案例1.1、服务提供者说明：一共两个服务提供者，这里只写出一个另一个除了端口不一样其它的都一样，不再一一赘述1.1.1、目录结构1.1.2、pom文件<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apa
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