Linux - Gentoo Installation with awesome desktop_gentoolightdm awesome-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/nixawk/article/details/47904757

Install Gentoo

https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Media

gentoo awesome-desktop

Choosing the right installation medium

https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Media

Download ISO

http://mirrors.stuhome.net/gentoo/releases/amd64/autobuilds/20150820/install-amd64-minimal-20150820.iso
http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/gentoo/releases/amd64/autobuilds/20150820/install-amd64-minimal-20150820.iso

Verifying the downloaded files

Windows

http://www.gpg4win.org/download.html

Linux

gpg --recv-keys 0xBB572E0E2D182910
gpg --verify install-amd64-minimal-20141204.iso.DIGESTS.asc
grep -A 1 -i sha512 install-amd64-minimal-20141204.iso.DIGESTS.asc
sha512sum install-amd64-minimal-20141204.iso

Configuring the network

https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Networking

ip addr
net-setup eth0
ping 8.8.8.8

Preparing the disks

https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Disks

fdisk /dev/sda

Device     Boot    Start      End  Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1           2048 83886079 83884032  40G  5 Extended
/dev/sda5           4096  8392703  8388608   4G 83 Linux
/dev/sda6        8394752 50337791 41943040  20G 83 Linux
/dev/sda7       50339840 83886079 33546240  16G 83 Linux

Applying a filesystem to a partition

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda6
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda7

Activating the Swap Partition

mkswap /dev/sda5
swapon /dev/sda5

Mounting

mount /dev/sda6 /mnt/gentoo

mkdir /mnt/gentoo/home
mount /dev/sda7 /mnt/gentoo/home

Installing the Gentoo installation files

https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Stage

For instance, to set the date to March 29th, 16:21 in the year 2014:

date 032916212014

cd /mnt/gentoo

Downloading the stage tarball

links https://www.gentoo.org/downloads/mirrors/
links http://mirrors.stuhome/gentoo/

links http://mirrors.stuhome.net/gentoo/releases/amd64/autobuilds/20150820/stage3-amd64-20150820.tar.bz2
links http://mirrors.stuhome.net/gentoo/snapshots/portage-latest.tar.bz2

tar -xjvf stage3-amd64-20150820.tar.bz2

tar -xjvf portage-latest.tar.bz2 -C usr/

Configuring compile options

nano -w /mnt/gentoo/etc/portage/make.conf

Installing the Gentoo base system

https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Base

Copy DNS info

mirrorselect -i -o >> /mnt/gentoo/etc/portage/make.conf

Mounting the necessary filesystems

cp -L /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/
mount -t proc proc /mnt/gentoo/proc
mount --rbind /sys /mnt/gentoo/sys
mount --make-rslave /mnt/gentoo/sys
mount --rbind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev
mount --make-rslave /mnt/gentoo/dev

rm /dev/shm && mkdir /dev/shm 
mount -t tmpfs -o nosuid,nodev,noexec shm /dev/shm
chmod 1777 /dev/shm

Entering the new environment

chroot . /bin/bash
env-update
source /etc/profile

Configuring portage

export PS1="(chroot) $PS1"
emerge --sync

Choosing the right profile

eselect profile list
eselect profile set 4

nano /etc/portage/make.conf
USE="$USE alsa dvd gnome pluseaudio -kde"

Optional: Using systemd

Timezone

ls /usr/share/zoneinfo
cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/US/Central /etc/localtime
echo "US/Central" > /etc/timezone
emerge --config sys-libs/timezone-data

Configure locales

locale -a | less
nano -w /etc/locale.gen

eselect locale list
eselect locale set 5

nano -w /etc/env.d/02locale

LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="C"

locale-gen

env-update && source /etc/profile

Configuring the Linux kernel

https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Kernel

Installing the sources

automatically

emerge gentoo-sources
emerge genkernel         # Optional: Building an initramfs
genkernel all            # Alternative: Using genkernel

Manually

emerge --ask sys-kernel/gentoo-sources
emerge --ask sys-apps/pciutils
emerge --ask sys-kernel/linux-firmware

ls /boot/kernel*
ls /boot/initramfs*

find /lib/modules/4.0.1-gentoo/ -type f -iname '*.o' -or -iname '*.ko' | less

Configuring the system

nano -w /etc/conf.d/modules

Filesystem information

nano -w /etc/fstab

/dev/sda6       /           ext4        noatime     0 1
/dev/sda7       /home       ext4        defaults    0 2
/dev/sda5       none        swap        sw          0 0
/dev/cdrom      /mnt/cdrom  auto        noauto,ro   0 0

Networking information

nano -w /etc/conf.d/hostname
nano -w /etc/hosts          # add hostname
nano -w /etc/conf.d/net     # config_enp0s3="dhcp"

emerge dhcpcd

cd /etc/init.d/
ln -s net.lo net.enp0s3
rc-update add net.enp0s3 default

System information

passwd

nano -w /etc/conf.d/keymaps
nano -w /etc/conf.d/hwclock
nano -w /etc/locale.gen

env-update && source /etc/profile
export PS1="(chroot) $PS1"

Installing system tools

https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Tools

emerge --ask app-admin/syslog-ng
rc-update add syslog-ng default

emerge --ask sys-process/cronie
rc-update add cronie default

emerge --ask sys-apps/mlocate

rc-update add sshd default

emerge --ask net-misc/dhcpcd
emerge --ask net-dialup/ppp

Configuring the bootloader

https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Bootloader

emerge --ask sys-boot/grub
emerge grub

grub-install /dev/sda
grub2-install /dev/sda
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

grub -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/mtab

exit

cd /

umount -l /mnt/gentoo/dev{/shm,/pts}
umount -l /mnt/gentoo{/home,/proc}

Finalizing

https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/Finalizing

useradd -m -G users,wheel,audio -s /bin/bash nixawk
passwd nixawk

Portage

https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Working/Portage
https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/GENTOO_MIRRORS

mirrorselect -s3 -D -o >> /etc/portage/make.conf

/etc/make.conf
/etc/portage/make.conf

GENTOO_MIRRORS="http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/gentoo http://gentoo.netnitco.net http://mirror.bytemark.co.uk/gentoo/ ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/distfiles.gentoo.org/"

# for portage
SYNC="rsync://mirrors.xmu6.edu.cn/gentoo-portage"
# for distfile
GENTOO_MIRRORS="http://mirrors.xmu6.edu.cn/gentoo"

genli ~ # cat /etc/portage/repo.postsync.d/gentoo.conf 
[gentoo]
location=/usr/postage
sync-type=rsync
sync-uri=rsync://mirrors.xmu6.edu.cn/gentoo-portage
auto-sync=yes

emerge --sync
emerge --search pdf
emerge --searchdesc pdf

emerge --ask app-office/gnumeric
emerge --pretend gnumeric            #  handles dependencies
emerge --fetchonly gnumeric          #  download the sources without installing them
emerge -vp alsa-lib

emerge --unmerge
emerge --unmerge gnumeric

emerge --update --ask @world
emerge --update --deep @world
emerge --update --deep --with-bdeps=y @world

SERVICE MANAGEMENT

rc-service sshd start
rc-service sshd stop
rc-service sshd restart

DESKTOP ENVIRONMENT

# emerge -av xorg-server xorg-x11 xorg-drivers udev
emerge x11-base/xorg-server
emerge --ask awesome

~/.xinitrc
exec ck-launch-session dbus-launch --sh-syntax --exit-with-session awesome
mkdir -p ~/.config/awesome
cp /etc/xdg/awesome/rc.lua ~/.config/awesome/
vim ~/.config/awesome/

chmod u+x ~/.xinitrc
startx