（25）21.2.14 捕获异常

Java编程思想 第四版 c21 并发 学习笔记

1.本节主要将了多线程的异常处理。

    由于线程的本质特性，使得你不能捕获从线程中逃逸的异常。一旦异常逃出任务run()方法，它就会向外传播到控制台，除非采取特殊的步骤捕获这种错误的异常。Executor来解决这个问题。

package   jiangning.c21;

import   java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;

import   java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public   class   ExceptionThread   implements   Runnable {

         public   void   run(){

               throw   new   RuntimeException(); //抛出异常

      }

      

         /**

         *   @Title :   main

         *   @Description :   控制台抛出异常

         *   @param   args

         *   @author   jiangNing

         */

         public   static   void   main(String[] args) {

            ExecutorService exec = Executors. newCachedThreadPool();

            exec.execute(   new   ExceptionThread());

      }

}

/**

  *

  *   Exception   in   thread   "pool   - 1 -   thread - 1"   java. lang.RuntimeException

         at   jiangning.ExceptionThread.run(ExceptionThread.java:9)

         at   java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)

         at   java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)

         at   java.lang .Thread.run(Thread.java:619)

*/

2.main方法中加入try-catch

package   jiangning.c21;

import   java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;

import   java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public   class   ExceptionThread   implements   Runnable {

         public   void   run(){

               throw   new   RuntimeException(); //抛出异常

      }

      

         /**

         *   @Title :   main

         *   @Description :   控制台抛出异常

         *   @param   args

         *   @author   jiangNing

         */

         public   static   void   main(String[] args) {

               try   { //添加try-catch

                  ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

                  exec.execute(   new   ExceptionThread());

            }   catch   (RuntimeException e) {

                  System.   out .println( "Exception has been handled."   ); //这句话不会执行。

            }

      }

}

/**

  *

Exception   in   thread   "pool   - 1 -   thread - 1"   java. lang.RuntimeException

         at   jiangning.ExceptionThread.run(ExceptionThread.java:9)

         at   java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)

         at   java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)

         at   java.lang .Thread.run(Thread.java:619)

*/

结果显示不能够捕获异常。

为了解决这个问题java1.5引入了Thread. UncaughtExcetionHandLer 新接口，它允许在每个Thread对象上附着一个异常处理器。

Thread.UncaughtExcetionHandLer.uncughtException()会在线程因未捕获的异常而临近死亡时被调用。

package jiangning.c21;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;

class ExceptionThread2 implements Runnable {

     public void run(){
          Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
          System.out.println("run() by " + t);
          System.out.println("eh = " + t.getUncaughtExceptionHandler());
          throw new RuntimeException();//抛出异常
     }
}

class MyUncaughtExceptionHandler implements Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler{
     public void uncaughtException(Thread t, Throwable e){
          System.out.println("caught "  + e);
     }
}

class HandlerThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory{

     public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
          System.out.println(this + " creating new Thread");//创建线程
          Thread t = new Thread(r);
          System.out.println("created " + t);
          t.setUncaughtExceptionHandler(new MyUncaughtExceptionHandler());
          System.out.println("eh = " + t.getUncaughtExceptionHandler());
          return t;
     }
}


public class CaptureUncaughtException {
     /**
     * @Title: main
     * @Description: 对run()中的异常进行捕获。
     * @param args
     * @author jiangNing
     */
     public static void main(String[] args) {
          try {//添加try-catch
               ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(new HandlerThreadFactory());
               exec.execute(new ExceptionThread2());
          } catch (RuntimeException e) {
               System.out.println("Exception has been handled.");//这句话不会执行。
          }
     }

}

/**
*
jiangning.c21.HandlerThreadFactory@132e13d creating new Thread
created Thread[Thread-0,5,main]
eh = jiangning.c21.MyUncaughtExceptionHandler@2bb514
run() by Thread[Thread-0,5,main]
eh = jiangning.c21.MyUncaughtExceptionHandler@2bb514
caught java.lang.RuntimeException
*/

package jiangning.c21;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class SettingDefaultHandler {

     public static void main(String[] args) {
          Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(new MyUncaughtExceptionHandler());
          ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
          exec.execute(new ExceptionThread());//抛出异常
     }

}
/**
caught java.lang.RuntimeException
*/

处理器只有在不存在线程专有的未捕获异常处理器才会被调用。 系统会检查线程专有版本，如果没有发现，则检查线程组是否有其专有的uncaughtException()方法，如果也没有，再调用defaultUncaughtExceptionHander。