RecyclerView使用解析（一）——替代ListView

 RecyclerView使用解析（一）——替代ListView

 RecyclerView使用解析（二）——实现瀑布流

RecyclerView是Android一个更强大的控件,其不仅可以实现和ListView同样的效果,还有优化了ListView中的各种不足。其可以实现数据纵向滚动,也可以实现横向滚动(ListView做不到横向滚动)。接下来讲解RecyclerView的用法。

因为RecyclerView属于新增的控件,Android将RecyclerView定义在support库里。若要使用RecyclerView,第一步是要在app的build.gradle里添加：

implementation 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.1.0'

修改 activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/recycler_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />
</LinearLayout>

Item布局：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="horizontal">
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp" />

</LinearLayout>

 定义数据类：

public class Fruit {
    private String name;
    private int imageId;
    public Fruit(String name, int imageId) {
        this.name = name;
        this.imageId = imageId;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public int getImageId() {
        return imageId;
    }
}

为RecyclerView准备一个适配器，新建FruitAdapter 类，让这个适配器继承RecyclerView.Adapter ，并将泛型指定为FruitAdapter.ViewHolder 。其中，ViewHolder 是我们在FruitAdapter 中定义的一个内部类，代码如下所示：

public class FruitAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<FruitAdapter.ViewHolder>{
    private List<Fruit> mFruitList;

    static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        ImageView fruitImage;
        TextView fruitName;
        public ViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            fruitImage = (ImageView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
            fruitName = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
        }
    }

    public FruitAdapter(List<Fruit> fruitList) {
        mFruitList = fruitList;
    }

    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
                .inflate(R.layout.fruititem, parent, false);
        ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(view);
        return holder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);
        holder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
        holder.fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return mFruitList.size();
    }
    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position)

    { return position;}
}

onCreateViewHolder() 方法是用于创建ViewHolder 实例的，在这个方法中将fruit_item 布局加载进来，然后创建一个ViewHolder 实例，并把加载出来的布局传入到构造函数当中，最后将ViewHolder 的实例返回。onBindViewHolder() 方法是用于对RecyclerView子项的数据进行赋值的，会在每个子项被滚动到屏幕内的时候执行，通过position 参数得到当前项的Fruit 实例。getItemCount() 方法用于告诉RecyclerView一共有多少子项。

使用RecyclerView了，修改MainActivity中的代码：

private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<>();
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initFruits(); // 初始化水果数据
        RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
        LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
//      layoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
        FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
        adapter.setHasStableIds(true);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }
    private void initFruits() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            Fruit apple = new Fruit("Apple", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
            fruitList.add(apple);
            Fruit banana = new Fruit("Banana", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
            fruitList.add(banana);
            Fruit orange = new Fruit("Orange", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
            fruitList.add(orange);
            Fruit watermelon = new Fruit("Watermelon", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
            fruitList.add(watermelon);
            Fruit pear = new Fruit("Pear", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
            fruitList.add(pear);
            Fruit grape = new Fruit("Grape", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
            fruitList.add(grape);
            Fruit pineapple = new Fruit("Pineapple", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
            fruitList.add(pineapple);
            Fruit strawberry = new Fruit("Strawberry", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
            fruitList.add(strawberry);
            Fruit cherry = new Fruit("Cherry", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
            fruitList.add(cherry);
            Fruit mango = new Fruit("Mango", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
            fruitList.add(mango);
        }
    }

运行一下程序了，效果如下所示：

完整代码下载demo:https://download.csdn.net/download/nmgsyps2017/20224770?spm=1001.2014.3001.5503