shallow copy and deep copy

shallow copy and deep copy(浅拷贝与深拷贝)

C++03性能上长期被诟病的原因有一点就是其耗时且不必要的深度拷贝。

简单的理解就是浅拷贝就是拷贝指针，深拷贝就是重新分配内存拷贝数据

• The default copy constructor     and default assignment operators do shallow copies, which is fine for     classes that contain no dynamically allocated variables.
• Classes with dynamically     allocated variables need to have a copy constructor and assignment     operator that do a deep copy.
• The assignment operator is     usually implemented using the same code as the copy constructor, but it     checks for self-assignment, returns *this, and deallocates any previously     allocated memory before deep copying.
• If you don’t want a class to     be copyable, use a private copy constructor and assignment operator     prototype in the class header.

1.      默认拷贝构造或者默认赋值操作执行的浅拷贝，主要用于没有包含动态分配内存的类

2.      有动态内存分配的类则不能使用某人拷贝构造或者默认的赋值操作，并且需要执行深拷贝

3.      赋值操作和拷贝构造代码相同，但是多了检查self-assignment，返回*this,以及释放前面分配的内存。

4.      如果不希望该类可以拷贝，则使用private类型的拷贝构造和赋值操作

 

考考资料：

http://www.learncpp.com/cpp-tutorial/912-shallow-vs-deep-copying/

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2657810/deep-copy-vs-shallow-copy