《Hadoop The Definitive Guide》ch02 MapReduce

1. MapReduce data flow with multiple reduce tasks

2.  Hadoop安装

选择pseudo模式，配置文件如下，

>> cat core-site.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>
        <property>
                <name>fs.default.name</name>
                <value>hdfs://localhost/</value>
        </property>
</configuration>

>> cat hdfs-site.xml  
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.replication</name>
                <value>1</value>
        </property>
</configuration>

>> cat mapred-site.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>
        <property>
                <name>mapred.job.tracker</name>
                <value>localhost:8021</value>
        </property>
</configuration>

2.1 格式化hdfs namenode

[ate: /local/nomad2/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203.0/bin ]
>> hadoop namenode -format
12/06/30 01:57:46 INFO namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG: 
/************************************************************
STARTUP_MSG: Starting NameNode
STARTUP_MSG:   host = ate/135.252.129.105
STARTUP_MSG:   args = [-format]
STARTUP_MSG:   version = 0.20.203.0
STARTUP_MSG:   build = http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop/common/branches/branch-0.20-security-203 -r 1099333; compiled by 'oom' on Wed May  4 07:57:50 PDT 2011
************************************************************/
Re-format filesystem in /tmp/hadoop-nomad2/dfs/name ? (Y or N) Y
12/06/30 01:57:51 INFO util.GSet: VM type       = 64-bit
12/06/30 01:57:51 INFO util.GSet: 2% max memory = 17.77875 MB
12/06/30 01:57:51 INFO util.GSet: capacity      = 2^21 = 2097152 entries
12/06/30 01:57:51 INFO util.GSet: recommended=2097152, actual=2097152
12/06/30 01:57:52 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: fsOwner=nomad2
12/06/30 01:57:52 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: supergroup=supergroup
12/06/30 01:57:52 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: isPermissionEnabled=true
12/06/30 01:57:52 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.block.invalidate.limit=100
12/06/30 01:57:52 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: isAccessTokenEnabled=false accessKeyUpdateInterval=0 min(s), accessTokenLifetime=0 min(s)
12/06/30 01:57:52 INFO namenode.NameNode: Caching file names occuring more than 10 times 
12/06/30 01:57:52 INFO common.Storage: Image file of size 114 saved in 0 seconds.
12/06/30 01:57:52 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory /tmp/hadoop-nomad2/dfs/name has been successfully formatted.
12/06/30 01:57:52 INFO namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG: 
/************************************************************
SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at ate/135.252.129.105
************************************************************/

2.2 启动

[ate: /local/nomad2/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203.0/bin ]
>> start-dfs.sh
starting namenode, logging to /local/nomad2/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203.0/bin/../logs/hadoop-nomad2-namenode-ate.out
localhost: starting datanode, logging to /local/nomad2/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203.0/bin/../logs/hadoop-nomad2-datanode-ate.out
localhost: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /local/nomad2/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203.0/bin/../logs/hadoop-nomad2-secondarynamenode-ate.out
[ate: /local/nomad2/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203.0/bin ]
>> start-mapred.sh
starting jobtracker, logging to /local/nomad2/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203.0/bin/../logs/hadoop-nomad2-jobtracker-ate.out
localhost: starting tasktracker, logging to /local/nomad2/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.203.0/bin/../logs/hadoop-nomad2-tasktracker-ate.out

或者直接使用start-all.sh

2.3 检查启动情况

>> jps
9258 DataNode
9502 TaskTracker
9352 SecondaryNameNode
2215 Jps
9418 JobTracker
9174 NameNode

3. Demo

3.1 

[ate: /local/nomad2/hadoop/tomwhite-hadoop-book-32dae01 ]
>> hadoop MaxTemperature input/ncdc/sample.txt output
12/06/30 00:44:06 WARN mapred.JobClient: Use GenericOptionsParser for parsing the arguments. Applications should implement Tool for the same.
12/06/30 00:44:06 WARN mapred.JobClient: No job jar file set.  User classes may not be found. See JobConf(Class) or JobConf#setJar(String).
12/06/30 00:44:06 INFO mapred.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 1
12/06/30 00:44:06 INFO mapred.JobClient: Running job: job_local_0001
12/06/30 00:44:06 INFO mapred.MapTask: numReduceTasks: 1
12/06/30 00:44:06 INFO mapred.MapTask: io.sort.mb = 100
12/06/30 00:44:06 INFO mapred.MapTask: data buffer = 79691776/99614720
12/06/30 00:44:06 INFO mapred.MapTask: record buffer = 262144/327680
12/06/30 00:44:06 INFO mapred.MapTask: Starting flush of map output
12/06/30 00:44:06 INFO mapred.MapTask: Finished spill 0
12/06/30 00:44:06 INFO mapred.Task: Task:attempt_local_0001_m_000000_0 is done. And is in the process of commiting
12/06/30 00:44:07 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 0% reduce 0%
12/06/30 00:44:09 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: file:/local/nomad2/hadoop/tomwhite-hadoop-book-32dae01/input/ncdc/sample.txt:0+529
12/06/30 00:44:09 INFO mapred.Task: Task 'attempt_local_0001_m_000000_0' done.
12/06/30 00:44:09 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
12/06/30 00:44:09 INFO mapred.Merger: Merging 1 sorted segments
12/06/30 00:44:09 INFO mapred.Merger: Down to the last merge-pass, with 1 segments left of total size: 57 bytes
12/06/30 00:44:09 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
12/06/30 00:44:09 INFO mapred.Task: Task:attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0 is done. And is in the process of commiting
12/06/30 00:44:09 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
12/06/30 00:44:09 INFO mapred.Task: Task attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0 is allowed to commit now
12/06/30 00:44:09 INFO mapred.FileOutputCommitter: Saved output of task 'attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0' to file:/local/nomad2/hadoop/tomwhite-hadoop-book-32dae01/output
12/06/30 00:44:10 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 100% reduce 0%
12/06/30 00:44:12 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: reduce > reduce
12/06/30 00:44:12 INFO mapred.Task: Task 'attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0' done.
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 100% reduce 100%
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient: Job complete: job_local_0001
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient: Counters: 17
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:   File Input Format Counters 
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Bytes Read=529
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:   File Output Format Counters 
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Bytes Written=29
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:   FileSystemCounters
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     FILE_BYTES_READ=1493
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     FILE_BYTES_WRITTEN=61451
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:   Map-Reduce Framework
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output materialized bytes=61
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map input records=5
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce shuffle bytes=0
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Spilled Records=10
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output bytes=45
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map input bytes=529
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     SPLIT_RAW_BYTES=131
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Combine input records=0
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce input records=5
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce input groups=2
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Combine output records=0
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce output records=2
12/06/30 00:44:13 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output records=5

[ate: /local/nomad2/hadoop/tomwhite-hadoop-book-32dae01/output ]
>> cat part-00000 
1949    111
1950    22

3.2 

[ate: /local/nomad2/hadoop/tomwhite-hadoop-book-32dae01 ]
>> hadoop NewMaxTemperature input/ncdc/sample.txt output
12/06/30 00:50:34 WARN mapred.JobClient: Use GenericOptionsParser for parsing the arguments. Applications should implement Tool for the same.
12/06/30 00:50:34 WARN mapred.JobClient: No job jar file set.  User classes may not be found. See JobConf(Class) or JobConf#setJar(String).
12/06/30 00:50:34 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 1
12/06/30 00:50:34 INFO mapred.JobClient: Running job: job_local_0001
12/06/30 00:50:34 INFO mapred.MapTask: io.sort.mb = 100
12/06/30 00:50:35 INFO mapred.MapTask: data buffer = 79691776/99614720
12/06/30 00:50:35 INFO mapred.MapTask: record buffer = 262144/327680
12/06/30 00:50:35 INFO mapred.MapTask: Starting flush of map output
12/06/30 00:50:35 INFO mapred.MapTask: Finished spill 0
12/06/30 00:50:35 INFO mapred.Task: Task:attempt_local_0001_m_000000_0 is done. And is in the process of commiting
12/06/30 00:50:35 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 0% reduce 0%
12/06/30 00:50:37 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
12/06/30 00:50:37 INFO mapred.Task: Task 'attempt_local_0001_m_000000_0' done.
12/06/30 00:50:37 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
12/06/30 00:50:37 INFO mapred.Merger: Merging 1 sorted segments
12/06/30 00:50:38 INFO mapred.Merger: Down to the last merge-pass, with 1 segments left of total size: 57 bytes
12/06/30 00:50:38 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
12/06/30 00:50:38 INFO mapred.Task: Task:attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0 is done. And is in the process of commiting
12/06/30 00:50:38 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
12/06/30 00:50:38 INFO mapred.Task: Task attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0 is allowed to commit now
12/06/30 00:50:38 INFO output.FileOutputCommitter: Saved output of task 'attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0' to output
12/06/30 00:50:38 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 100% reduce 0%
12/06/30 00:50:40 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: reduce > reduce
12/06/30 00:50:40 INFO mapred.Task: Task 'attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0' done.
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 100% reduce 100%
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient: Job complete: job_local_0001
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient: Counters: 16
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:   File Output Format Counters 
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Bytes Written=29
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:   FileSystemCounters
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:     FILE_BYTES_READ=1517
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:     FILE_BYTES_WRITTEN=61715
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:   File Input Format Counters 
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Bytes Read=529
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:   Map-Reduce Framework
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce input groups=2
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output materialized bytes=61
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Combine output records=0
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map input records=5
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce shuffle bytes=0
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce output records=2
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Spilled Records=10
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output bytes=45
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Combine input records=0
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output records=5
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:     SPLIT_RAW_BYTES=143
12/06/30 00:50:41 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce input records=5

3.3 Combiner

[ate: /local/nomad2/hadoop/tomwhite-hadoop-book-32dae01 ]
>> hadoop MaxTemperatureWithCombiner input/ncdc/sample.txt output 
12/06/30 01:03:01 WARN mapred.JobClient: Use GenericOptionsParser for parsing the arguments. Applications should implement Tool for the same.
12/06/30 01:03:01 WARN mapred.JobClient: No job jar file set.  User classes may not be found. See JobConf(Class) or JobConf#setJar(String).
12/06/30 01:03:01 INFO mapred.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 1
12/06/30 01:03:01 INFO mapred.JobClient: Running job: job_local_0001
12/06/30 01:03:02 INFO mapred.MapTask: numReduceTasks: 1
12/06/30 01:03:02 INFO mapred.MapTask: io.sort.mb = 100
12/06/30 01:03:02 INFO mapred.MapTask: data buffer = 79691776/99614720
12/06/30 01:03:02 INFO mapred.MapTask: record buffer = 262144/327680
12/06/30 01:03:02 INFO mapred.MapTask: Starting flush of map output
12/06/30 01:03:02 INFO mapred.MapTask: Finished spill 0
12/06/30 01:03:02 INFO mapred.Task: Task:attempt_local_0001_m_000000_0 is done. And is in the process of commiting
12/06/30 01:03:02 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 0% reduce 0%
12/06/30 01:03:05 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: file:/local/nomad2/hadoop/tomwhite-hadoop-book-32dae01/input/ncdc/sample.txt:0+529
12/06/30 01:03:05 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: file:/local/nomad2/hadoop/tomwhite-hadoop-book-32dae01/input/ncdc/sample.txt:0+529
12/06/30 01:03:05 INFO mapred.Task: Task 'attempt_local_0001_m_000000_0' done.
12/06/30 01:03:05 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
12/06/30 01:03:05 INFO mapred.Merger: Merging 1 sorted segments
12/06/30 01:03:05 INFO mapred.Merger: Down to the last merge-pass, with 1 segments left of total size: 24 bytes
12/06/30 01:03:05 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
12/06/30 01:03:05 INFO mapred.Task: Task:attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0 is done. And is in the process of commiting
12/06/30 01:03:05 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
12/06/30 01:03:05 INFO mapred.Task: Task attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0 is allowed to commit now
12/06/30 01:03:05 INFO mapred.FileOutputCommitter: Saved output of task 'attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0' to file:/local/nomad2/hadoop/tomwhite-hadoop-book-32dae01/output
12/06/30 01:03:06 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 100% reduce 0%
12/06/30 01:03:08 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: reduce > reduce
12/06/30 01:03:08 INFO mapred.Task: Task 'attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0' done.
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 100% reduce 100%
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient: Job complete: job_local_0001
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient: Counters: 17
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:   File Input Format Counters 
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Bytes Read=529
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:   File Output Format Counters 
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Bytes Written=29
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:   FileSystemCounters
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     FILE_BYTES_READ=1460
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     FILE_BYTES_WRITTEN=61761
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:   Map-Reduce Framework
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output materialized bytes=28
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map input records=5
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce shuffle bytes=0
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Spilled Records=4
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output bytes=45
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map input bytes=529
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     SPLIT_RAW_BYTES=131
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Combine input records=5
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce input records=2
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce input groups=2
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Combine output records=2
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce output records=2
12/06/30 01:03:09 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output records=5

3.4 Hadoop流

[ate: /local/nomad2/hadoop/tomwhite-hadoop-book-32dae01 ]
>> hadoop jar $HADOOP_INSTALL/contrib/streaming/hadoop-streaming-0.20.203.0.jar \
-input input/ncdc/sample.txt \
-output output \
-mapper ch02/src/main/ruby/max_temperature_map.rb \
-reducer ch02/src/main/ruby/max_temperature_reduce.rb
12/06/30 01:11:43 WARN mapred.JobClient: No job jar file set.  User classes may not be found. See JobConf(Class) or JobConf#setJar(String).
12/06/30 01:11:43 INFO mapred.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 1
12/06/30 01:11:44 WARN mapred.LocalJobRunner: LocalJobRunner does not support symlinking into current working dir.
12/06/30 01:11:44 INFO streaming.StreamJob: getLocalDirs(): [/tmp/hadoop-nomad2/mapred/local]
12/06/30 01:11:44 INFO streaming.StreamJob: Running job: job_local_0001
12/06/30 01:11:44 INFO streaming.StreamJob: Job running in-process (local Hadoop)
12/06/30 01:11:44 INFO mapred.MapTask: numReduceTasks: 1
12/06/30 01:11:44 INFO mapred.MapTask: io.sort.mb = 100
12/06/30 01:11:44 INFO mapred.MapTask: data buffer = 79691776/99614720
12/06/30 01:11:44 INFO mapred.MapTask: record buffer = 262144/327680
12/06/30 01:11:44 INFO streaming.PipeMapRed: PipeMapRed exec [/local/nomad2/hadoop/tomwhite-hadoop-book-32dae01/./ch02/src/main/ruby/max_temperature_map.rb]
12/06/30 01:11:44 INFO streaming.PipeMapRed: R/W/S=1/0/0 in:NA [rec/s] out:NA [rec/s]
12/06/30 01:11:44 INFO streaming.PipeMapRed: MRErrorThread done
12/06/30 01:11:44 INFO streaming.PipeMapRed: Records R/W=5/1
12/06/30 01:11:44 INFO streaming.PipeMapRed: MROutputThread done
12/06/30 01:11:44 INFO streaming.PipeMapRed: mapRedFinished
12/06/30 01:11:44 INFO mapred.MapTask: Starting flush of map output
12/06/30 01:11:44 INFO mapred.MapTask: Finished spill 0
12/06/30 01:11:44 INFO mapred.Task: Task:attempt_local_0001_m_000000_0 is done. And is in the process of commiting
12/06/30 01:11:45 INFO streaming.StreamJob:  map 0%  reduce 0%
12/06/30 01:11:47 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: Records R/W=5/1
12/06/30 01:11:47 INFO mapred.Task: Task 'attempt_local_0001_m_000000_0' done.
12/06/30 01:11:47 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
12/06/30 01:11:47 INFO mapred.Merger: Merging 1 sorted segments
12/06/30 01:11:47 INFO mapred.Merger: Down to the last merge-pass, with 1 segments left of total size: 67 bytes
12/06/30 01:11:47 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
12/06/30 01:11:47 INFO streaming.PipeMapRed: PipeMapRed exec [/local/nomad2/hadoop/tomwhite-hadoop-book-32dae01/./ch02/src/main/ruby/max_temperature_reduce.rb]
12/06/30 01:11:47 INFO streaming.PipeMapRed: R/W/S=1/0/0 in:NA [rec/s] out:NA [rec/s]
12/06/30 01:11:47 INFO streaming.PipeMapRed: MRErrorThread done
12/06/30 01:11:47 INFO streaming.PipeMapRed: Records R/W=5/1
12/06/30 01:11:47 INFO streaming.PipeMapRed: MROutputThread done
12/06/30 01:11:47 INFO streaming.PipeMapRed: mapRedFinished
12/06/30 01:11:47 INFO mapred.Task: Task:attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0 is done. And is in the process of commiting
12/06/30 01:11:47 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
12/06/30 01:11:47 INFO mapred.Task: Task attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0 is allowed to commit now
12/06/30 01:11:47 INFO mapred.FileOutputCommitter: Saved output of task 'attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0' to file:/local/nomad2/hadoop/tomwhite-hadoop-book-32dae01/output
12/06/30 01:11:48 INFO streaming.StreamJob:  map 100%  reduce 0%
12/06/30 01:11:50 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: Records R/W=5/1 > reduce
12/06/30 01:11:50 INFO mapred.Task: Task 'attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0' done.
12/06/30 01:11:51 INFO streaming.StreamJob:  map 100%  reduce 100%
12/06/30 01:11:51 INFO streaming.StreamJob: Job complete: job_local_0001
12/06/30 01:11:51 INFO streaming.StreamJob: Output: output

问题：在运行demo的过程中，抛出异常，

[ate: /local/nomad2/hadoop/tomwhite-hadoop-book-32dae01/ch02/src/main/cpp ]
>> hadoop fs -put max_temperature bin/max_temperature
12/06/30 01:59:02 WARN hdfs.DFSClient: DataStreamer Exception: org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException: java.io.IOException: File /user/nomad2/bin/max_temperature could only be replicated to 0 nodes, instead of 1
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.getAdditionalBlock(FSNamesystem.java:1417)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.addBlock(NameNode.java:596)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:523)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1383)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1379)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:396)
        at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1059)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:1377)

        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1030)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Invoker.invoke(RPC.java:224)
        at $Proxy1.addBlock(Unknown Source)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invokeMethod(RetryInvocationHandler.java:82)
        at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invoke(RetryInvocationHandler.java:59)
        at $Proxy1.addBlock(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.locateFollowingBlock(DFSClient.java:3104)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.nextBlockOutputStream(DFSClient.java:2975)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.access$2000(DFSClient.java:2255)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream$DataStreamer.run(DFSClient.java:2446)

12/06/30 01:59:02 WARN hdfs.DFSClient: Error Recovery for block null bad datanode[0] nodes == null
12/06/30 01:59:02 WARN hdfs.DFSClient: Could not get block locations. Source file "/user/nomad2/bin/max_temperature" - Aborting...
put: java.io.IOException: File /user/nomad2/bin/max_temperature could only be replicated to 0 nodes, instead of 1
12/06/30 01:59:02 ERROR hdfs.DFSClient: Exception closing file /user/nomad2/bin/max_temperature : org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException: java.io.IOException: File /user/nomad2/bin/max_temperature could only be replicated to 0 nodes, instead of 1
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.getAdditionalBlock(FSNamesystem.java:1417)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.addBlock(NameNode.java:596)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:523)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1383)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1379)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:396)
        at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1059)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:1377)

org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException: java.io.IOException: File /user/nomad2/bin/max_temperature could only be replicated to 0 nodes, instead of 1
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.getAdditionalBlock(FSNamesystem.java:1417)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.addBlock(NameNode.java:596)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:523)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1383)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1379)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:396)
        at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1059)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:1377)

        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1030)
        at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Invoker.invoke(RPC.java:224)
        at $Proxy1.addBlock(Unknown Source)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invokeMethod(RetryInvocationHandler.java:82)
        at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invoke(RetryInvocationHandler.java:59)
        at $Proxy1.addBlock(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.locateFollowingBlock(DFSClient.java:3104)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.nextBlockOutputStream(DFSClient.java:2975)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream.access$2000(DFSClient.java:2255)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient$DFSOutputStream$DataStreamer.run(DFSClient.java:2446)

参考了下面的link后，

http://sjsky.iteye.com/blog/1124545
http://blog.csdn.net/wh62592855/article/details/5744158

发现是datanode没有创建出来导致的，删掉/tmp/hadoop-nomad2下的临时文件，格式化namenode，重新启动hadoop即可。