import xlwt
book = xlwt.Workbook()
# add new colour to palette and set RGB colour value
xlwt.add_palette_colour("custom_colour", 0x21)
book.set_colour_RGB(0x21, 251, 228, 228)
# now you can use the colour in styles
sheet1 = book.add_sheet('Sheet 1')
style = xlwt.easyxf('pattern: pattern solid, fore_colour custom_colour')
sheet1.write(0, 0, 'Some text', style)
book.save('test.xls')
参考
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7746837/python-xlwt-set-custom-background-colour-of-a-cell