/*
*Copyright(c) 2016,烟台大学计算机学院
*作 者:刘金石
*完成日期:2016年5月10日
*问题描述:
(1)定义一个名为CPerson的类,有以下私有成员:姓名、身份证号、性别和年龄,
成员函数:构造函数、析构函数、输出信息的函数。并在此基础上派生出CEmployee类,
派生类CEmployee增加了两个新的数据成员,分别用于表示部门和薪水。要求派生类
CEmployee的构造函数显示调用基类CPerson的构造函数,并为派生类CEmployee定义
析构函数,定义输出信息的函数。
*/
#include<iostream>
#include<iomanip>
using namespace std;
class CPerson
{
protected:
string m_szName;
string m_szId;
int m_nSex;//0:women,1:man
int m_nAge;
public:
CPerson(string name,string id,int sex,int age);
void Show1();
~CPerson();
};
CPerson::~CPerson(){}
CPerson::CPerson(string name,string id,int sex,int age):m_szName(name),m_szId(id),m_nSex(sex), m_nAge(age){}
void CPerson::Show1()
{
cout<<setw(10)<<m_szName<<setw(25)<<m_szId;
if(m_nSex==0)
cout<<setw(7)<<"women";
else
cout<<setw(7)<<"man";
cout<<setw(5)<<m_nAge<<endl;
}
class CEmployee:public CPerson
{
private:
string m_szDepartment;
double m_Salary;
public:
CEmployee(string name,string id,int sex,int age,string department,double salary);
void Show2();
~CEmployee();
};
CEmployee:: CEmployee(string name,string id,int sex,int age,string department,double salary):
CPerson(name,id,sex,age),m_szDepartment(department),m_Salary(salary){}
void CEmployee::Show2()
{
cout<<setw(10)<<"name"<<setw(25)<<"id"<<setw(7)<<"sex"<<setw(5)<<"age"<<setw(12)<<"department"<<setw(10)<<"salary"<<endl;
cout<<setw(10)<<m_szName<<setw(25)<<m_szId;
if(m_nSex==0)
cout<<setw(7)<<"women";
else
cout<<setw(7)<<"man";
cout<<setw(5)<<m_nAge;
//由于基类CPerson的成员变量采用了protected属性,因此可采用上述述代码实现,否则若
//基类CPerson的成员变量采用了privated属性,则只能使用CPerson::Show1();实现
cout<<setw(12)<<m_szDepartment<<setw(10)<<m_Salary<<endl;
}
CEmployee::~CEmployee() {}
int main()
{
string name,id,department;
int sex,age;
double salary;
cout<<"input employee's name,id,sex(0:women,1:man),age,department,salary:\n";
cin>>name>>id>>sex>>age>>department>>salary;
CEmployee employee1(name,id,sex,age,department,salary);
employee1.Show2();
return 0;
}
运行结果:
/*
(2)字符串除了用C++扩充的string类型外,按C语言的传统,
还可以用char *表示。请将类声明中的string全部改为char *后,
重新写一遍程序(此时的区别是,类中有指针成员,构造和
析构函数需要考虑深复制的问题了。)
*/
#include<iostream>
#include<iomanip>
#include<string.h>
using namespace std;
class CPerson
{
protected:
char * m_szName;
char * m_szId;
int m_nSex;//0:women,1:man
int m_nAge;
public:
CPerson(char * name,char * id,int sex,int age);
void Show1();
~CPerson();
};
CPerson::~CPerson(){}
CPerson::CPerson(char * name,char * id,int sex,int age)
{
m_szName=new char[strlen(name)+1];
strcpy(m_szName,name);
m_szId=new char[strlen(id)+1];
strcpy(m_szId,id);
m_nSex=sex;
m_nAge=age;
}
void CPerson::Show1()
{
cout<<setw(10)<<m_szName<<setw(25)<<m_szId;
if(m_nSex==0)
cout<<setw(7)<<"women";
else
cout<<setw(7)<<"man";
cout<<setw(5)<<m_nAge<<endl;
}
class CEmployee:public CPerson
{
private:
char * m_szDepartment;
double m_Salary;
public:
CEmployee(char * name,char * id,int sex,int age,char * department,double salary);
void Show2();
~CEmployee();
};
CEmployee:: CEmployee(char * name,char * id,int sex,int age,char * department,double salary):
CPerson(name,id,sex,age),m_Salary(salary)
{
m_szDepartment=new char[strlen(department)+1];
strcpy(m_szDepartment,department);
}
void CEmployee::Show2()
{
cout<<setw(10)<<"name"<<setw(25)<<"id"<<setw(7)<<"sex"<<setw(5)<<"age"<<setw(12)<<"department"<<setw(10)<<"salary"<<endl;
cout<<setw(10)<<m_szName<<setw(25)<<m_szId;
if(m_nSex==0)
cout<<setw(7)<<"women";
else
cout<<setw(7)<<"man";
cout<<setw(5)<<m_nAge;
//由于基类CPerson的成员变量采用了protected属性,因此可采用上述述代码实现,否则若
//基类CPerson的成员变量采用了privated属性,则只能使用CPerson::Show1();实现
cout<<setw(12)<<m_szDepartment<<setw(10)<<m_Salary<<endl;
}
CEmployee::~CEmployee() {}
int main()
{
char * name,*id,*department;
int sex,age;
double salary;
name=new char[10];
id=new char[19];
department=new char[10];
cout<<"input employee's name,id,sex(0:women,1:man),age,department,salary:\n";
cin>>name>>id>>sex>>age>>department>>salary;
CEmployee employee1(name,id,sex,age,department,salary);
employee1.Show2();
return 0;
}
运行结果:
同上
学习心得:
对于子类的深复制,如果基类的构造函数中已经为变量完成了深复制,那么在子类的构造函数中就不需要为继承过来的变量进行深复制,只需要为增加的指针变量深复制即可。