【Python】Django Channels2.0 使用

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-24 21:15:53 发布

Immok

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-24 21:15:53 发布

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分类专栏： Python Python技术杂锦文章标签： django python websocket

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ns2250225/article/details/79289182

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简介

channels2.0 可以让django具有处理http2，websocket的能力

配置settings.py

# 添加app
INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    ...
    'channels',
)

# 绑定应用，routing.py稍后创建
ASGI_APPLICATION = "myproject.routing.application"

# 设定消息队列，选用redis
CHANNEL_LAYERS = {
    "default": {
        "BACKEND": "channels_redis.core.RedisChannelLayer",
        "CONFIG": {
            "hosts": [("localhost", 6379)],
        },
    },
}

创建路由文件routing.py

# routing.py

from django.urls import path

from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter
from channels.auth import AuthMiddlewareStack

from .consumers import MyConsumer


application = ProtocolTypeRouter({

    # WebSocket chat handler
    "websocket": AuthMiddlewareStack(
        URLRouter([
            path("chart/push", MyConsumer),
        ])
    ),
})

创建路由处理类文件consumers.py

# consumers.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from channels.generic.websocket import AsyncWebsocketConsumer
# from asgiref.sync import async_to_sync


# 自定义websocket处理类
class MyConsumer(AsyncWebsocketConsumer):

    async def connect(self):
        # 创建连接时调用
        await self.accept()

        # 将新的连接加入到群组
        await self.channel_layer.group_add("chat", self.channel_name)


    async def receive(self, text_data=None, bytes_data=None):
        # 收到信息时调用

        # 信息单发
        # await self.send(text_data="Hello world!")

        # 信息群发
        await self.channel_layer.group_send(
            "chat",
            {
                "type": "chat.message",
                "text": "Hello world!",
            },
        )

    async def disconnect(self, close_code):
        # 连接关闭时调用
        # 将关闭的连接从群组中移除
        await self.channel_layer.group_discard("chat", self.channel_name)

        await self.close()

    async def chat_message(self, event):
        # Handles the "chat.message" event when it's sent to us.
        await self.send(text_data=event["text"])

启动Django

python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8080

测试HTML

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
   <head>
   <meta charset="utf-8">
   <title>Django websocket</title>

      <script type="text/javascript">
         function WebSocketTest()
         {
            if ("WebSocket" in window)
            {
               alert("您的浏览器支持 WebSocket!");

               // 打开一个 web socket
               var ws = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/chart/push");

               ws.onopen = function()
               {
                  // Web Socket 已连接上，使用 send() 方法发送数据
                  alert("数据发送中...");
                  ws.send("hello world")
               };

               ws.onmessage = function (evt) 
               { 
                  var received_msg = evt.data;
                  console.log(received_msg)
               };

               ws.onclose = function()
               { 
                  // 关闭 websocket
                  alert("连接已关闭..."); 
               };
            }

            else
            {
               // 浏览器不支持 WebSocket
               alert("您的浏览器不支持 WebSocket!");
            }
         }
      </script>

   </head>
   <body>

      <div id="sse">
         <a href="javascript:WebSocketTest()">运行 WebSocket</a>
      </div>

   </body>
</html>

效果

连接成功时，Django会输出状态，handshaking -> connect
点击连接后，在console会输出hello world

Immok

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【Python】Django Channels2.0 使用

简介channels2.0 可以让django具有处理http2，websocket的能力相关库Python3.6Django 2.0pip install channelspip install channels_redis配置settings.py# 添加appINSTALLED_APPS = ( 'django.contrib....
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