paho是实现MQTT通信的多平台多语言的库,支持Python,c++,PHP等,官网地址:paho官网,一般情况下,会使用mosquitto搭建服务器,客户端会使用paho库实现,或者使用mosquitto提供的原始API实现。paho的example比较多,文档写的也好,下到python的代码后,里面就有example。为了快速验证功能,下面的例子使用Python实现。
1.安装paho-mqtt
pip install paho-mqtt
2 订阅消息
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
import time
HOST = "127.0.0.1"
PORT = 61613
def client_loop():
client_id = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S',time.localtime(time.time()))
client = mqtt.Client(client_id) # ClientId不能重复,所以使用当前时间
client.username_pw_set("admin", "123456") # 必须设置,否则会返回「Connected with result code 4」
client.on_connect = on_connect
client.on_message = on_message
client.connect(HOST, PORT, 60)
client.loop_forever()
def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc):
print("Connected with result code "+str(rc))
client.subscribe("test")
def on_message(client, userdata, msg):
print(msg.topic+" "+msg.payload.decode("utf-8"))
if __name__ == '__main__':
client_loop()
3发布消息
# import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
import paho.mqtt.publish as publish
import time
HOST = "127.0.0.1"
PORT = 61613
def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc):
print("Connected with result code "+str(rc))
client.subscribe("test")
def on_message(client, userdata, msg):
print(msg.topic+" "+msg.payload.decode("utf-8"))
if __name__ == '__main__':
client_id = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S',time.localtime(time.time()))
# client = mqtt.Client(client_id) # ClientId不能重复,所以使用当前时间
# client.username_pw_set("admin", "123456") # 必须设置,否则会返回「Connected with result code 4」
# client.on_connect = on_connect
# client.on_message = on_message
# client.connect(HOST, PORT, 60)
# client.publish("test", "你好 MQTT", qos=0, retain=False) # 发布消息
publish.single("test", "你好 MQTT", qos = 1,hostname=HOST,port=PORT, client_id=client_id,auth = {'username':"admin", 'password':"123456"})