Red Hat Linux 7.2无法使用yum命令

遇到该问题后，在网上找了许多解决方案。各个方案或多或少都有些问题。本文为综合以下两篇文章内容后验证成功的解决方法：
（1）http://www.cnblogs.com/xyinjie/p/9441382.html
（2）https://www.cnblogs.com/yjscloud/p/6654379.html

1、为什么RHEL不能使用yum命令
因为它是收费的，所以系统需要先注册。
2、解决方案：使用centOS系统的yum库
2.1、保证电脑能上网

$ping www.baidu.com

2.2、清除原有RHEL的与yum相关软件包.

$rpm -qa | grep yum | xargs rpm -e --nodeps
$rpm -qa | grep python-urlgrabber|xargs rpm -e --nodeps

2.3、查找与当前系统匹配的centOS系统版本
　　163的镜像库 （推荐）：　
　　 http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/
　　kernel镜像库：　
　　 https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/

2.4、 下载python相关的rpm包并安装

$wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm 

$wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.10-8.el7.noarch.rpm 

$rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm 
$rpm -ivh python-urlgrabber-3.10-8.el7.noarch.rpm 

2.5、 下载yum相关的rpm包并安装
此处如果直接用CentOS 7的包的话，会出现以下问题：

$wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-150.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
$wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
$wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-1.1.31-40.el7.noarch.rpm
$wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-40.el7.noarch.rpm
$wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-40.el7.noarch.rpm

$ls
   anaconda-ks.cfg       yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-40.el7.noarch.rpm
   initial-setup-ks.cfg       yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-40.el7.noarch.rpm
   yum-3.4.3-150.el7.centos.noarch.rpm    yum-utils-1.1.31-40.el7.noarch.rpm
   yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm

$rpm -ivh yum-*
    warning: yum-3.4.3-150.el7.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
    error: Failed dependencies:
    python-urlgrabber >= 3.10-8 is needed by yum-3.4.3-150.el7.centos.noarch     

解决方法是：去http://rpm.pbone.net/下载相对较低版本的rpm包。

$wget ftp://ftp.icm.edu.pl/vol/rzm3/linux-centos-vault/7.1.1503/cr/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch.rpm
$wget ftp://ftp.icm.edu.pl/vol/rzm3/linux-centos-vault/7.1.1503/cr/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-132.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
$wget ftp://ftp.icm.edu.pl/vol/rzm3/linux-centos-vault/7.3.1611/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
$wget ftp://ftp.icm.edu.pl/vol/rzm3/linux-centos-vault/7.1.1503/cr/x86_64/Packages/yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch.rpm
$wget ftp://ftp.icm.edu.pl/vol/rzm3/linux-centos-vault/7.1.1503/cr/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch.rpm
$rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
$rpm -ivh yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch.rpm yum-3.4.3-132.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
$rpm -ivh yum-utils-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch.rpm
$rpm -ivh yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch.rpm

必须按上面顺序安装这五个包，不然会报包依赖相关的错，而且yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch.rpm和yum-3.4.3-132.el7.centos.noarch.rpm必须同时安装。
如果上面下载包的链接失效了，可以到http://rpm.pbone.net/中搜索并使用其他的下载链接：

2.6、 新建repo 配置文件；

$vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

在改文件中写入如下内容：

#CentOS-Base.repo
[base]
name=CentOS-$7 - Base - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[updates]
name=CentOS-$7 - Updates - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[extras]
name=CentOS-$7 - Extras - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$7 - Plus - 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1 enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

2.7、清除缓存：

$yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, product-id, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Cleaning repos: base extras updates
Cleaning up everything

2.8、测试安装是否正常；

$yum -y install docker

自动安装的脚本已上传到CSDN: https://download.csdn.net/download/nudtfeizhang/10763106