【故障】6、yum不可用

一、yum命令不能使用

1）报错

There was a problem importing one of the Python modules
required to run yum. The error leading to this problem was:

No module named yum

Please install a package which provides this module, or
verify that the module is installed correctly.

It’s possible that the above module doesn’t match the
current version of Python, which is:

2）问题分析

大部分人出现这个错误的原因在于拿到服务器的第一时间发现python版本是2.x，想升级到python3 导致yum损坏，博主花了两个小时查阅资料，最终总算解决问题。

3）完全删除python及yum重新安装

1、删除python

#删除现有的python
[root@test ~]# rpm -qa|grep python|xargs rpm -ev --allmatches --nodeps ##强制删除已安装程序及其关联
[root@test ~]# whereis python |xargs rm -frv ##删除所有残余文件 ##xargs，允许你对输出执行其他某些命令
[root@test ~]# whereis python ##验证删除，返回无结果

2、删除yum

#删除现有的yum
[root@test ~]# rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -ev --allmatches --nodeps
[root@test ~]# whereis yum |xargs rm -frv

从中科，163或者阿里云镜像下载相对应的包

centos版本可以根据自己的版本去找对应Packages
如果不知道自己的系统版本，命令行输入这个cat /etc/redhat-release

• 中科： http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/
• 163 ： http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/
• 阿里： https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/

3、下载Python依赖rpm包

#下载Python安装包
python-libs-2.7.5-48.el7.x86_64.rpm #被python依赖
python-2.7.5-48.el7.x86_64.rpm
python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm #被yum依赖
python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64.rpm #被python-urlgrabber依赖
python-urlgrabber-3.10-8.el7.noarch.rpm#被yum依赖
rpm-python-4.11.3-21.el7.x86_64.rpm#被yum依赖

选用阿里地址下载，访问阿地址搜索相关的包

• https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/

#下载python包
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-libs-2.7.5-89.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-2.7.5-89.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm

wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.10-10.el7.noarch.rpm

wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-python-4.11.3-45.el7.x86_64.rpm

4、下载yum依赖rpm包

#yum安装包列表:
yum-3.4.3-150.el7.centos.noarch.rpm, 就是它依赖了上面的python库
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-40.el7.noarch.rpm

#下载yum包
mkdir -p yum-rpm/
cd  yum-rpm/
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm

5、强制安装python

#强制安装python（--nodeps表示强制）
rpm -Uvh python-libs-2.7.5-89.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps
rpm -Uvh python-2.7.5-89.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps
rpm -Uvh python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm --nodeps
rpm -Uvh python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64rpm --nodeps
rpm -Uvh python-urlgrabber-3.10-10.el7.noarch.rpm --nodepsls
rpm -Uvh rpm-python-4.11.3-45.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps

6、强制安装yum

#强制安装yum（--nodeps表示强制）
cd yum-rpm/
rpm -Uvh yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch.rpm --nodeps
rpm -Uvh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps
rpm -Uvh yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.narch.rpm --nodeps

7、测试

yum install vim -y 

【参考地址】

• https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43238405/article/details/106479937

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