绘制台风路径（二）

import os  
import pandas as pd
import geopandas as gpd  
import numpy as np  
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['Microsoft YaHei']  # 指定默认字体  
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False  # 解决保存图像时负号'-'显示为方块的问题
# 设定默认字体大小为12  
plt.rcParams['font.size'] = 12   
import cartopy.crs as ccrs  
import cartopy.feature as cfeat
from matplotlib.lines import Line2D    
from matplotlib.collections import LineCollection  
from cartopy.mpl.ticker import LongitudeFormatter, LatitudeFormatter  
  
# 读取数据  
df = pd.read_csv('D:/data/2024_TY2403.csv')  
  
# 假设正确的列名是 'grade' 而不是 'grade_at_point'，并且它表示每个点的强度级别  
# 如果不是，请替换为正确的列名  
  
# 定义颜色函数  
def get_color(grade):  
    if grade == '热带低压' or grade == '热带扰动':  
        return '#FFFF00'  
    elif grade == '热带风暴':  
        return '#6495ED'  
    elif grade == '强热带风暴':  
        return '#3CB371'  
    elif grade == '台风':  
        return '#FFA500'  
    elif grade == '强台风':  
        return '#FF00FF'  
    elif grade == '超强台风':  
        return '#DC143C'  
# 创建地图并绘制台风路径  
def plot_typhoons(df, extent):
    gdf = gpd.read_file('D:/data/中国_省.shp') 
    fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12, 8))  
    ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1, projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())  
    
    # 添加底图  
    ax.add_feature(cfeat.COASTLINE)  
    # 添加中国省界  
    gdf.boundary.plot(ax=ax, transform=ccrs.PlateCarree(), linewidth=0.5, edgecolor='black')
    
    # 设置地图范围  
    ax.set_extent(extent, crs=ccrs.PlateCarree())  
    
    # 添加网格线  
    gl = ax.gridlines(draw_labels=True, linewidth=1, color='gray', alpha=0.5, linestyle='--')  
    gl.xlabels_top = gl.ylabels_right = False  
    
    # 设置经纬度格式和刻度  
    ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(LongitudeFormatter())  
    ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(LatitudeFormatter()) 
    
    # 绘制台风路径  
    for tc_num, group in df.groupby('tc_num'):  
        points = np.array(list(zip(group['lon'], group['lat'])))  
        if 'grade' in group.columns:  # 确保 'grade' 列存在  
            colors = [get_color(grade) for grade in group['grade']]  # 使用 'grade' 列  
        else:  
            # 如果没有 'grade' 列，可以使用默认颜色或其他逻辑  
            colors = ['#000000'] * len(points)  # 例如，使用黑色  
  
        segments = np.array([points[i:i+2] for i in range(len(points)-1)])  
        lc = LineCollection(segments, colors=colors, linewidths=2)  
        ax.add_collection(lc) 
        # 添加图例（这里需要手动指定，因为使用了循环绘制）  
        legend_elements = [  
        Line2D([], [], color='#FFFF00', marker='o', label='热带低压/扰动', markersize=5),  
        Line2D([], [], color='#6495ED', marker='o', label='热带风暴', markersize=5),  
        Line2D([], [], color='#3CB371', marker='o', label='强热带风暴', markersize=5),  
        Line2D([], [], color='#FFA500', marker='o', label='台风', markersize=5),  
        Line2D([], [], color='#FF00FF', marker='o', label='强台风', markersize=5),  
        Line2D([], [], color='#DC143C', marker='o', label='超强台风', markersize=5),  
    ]  
        ax.legend(handles=legend_elements, loc='upper left')  
      
    # 设置标题  
    plt.title('2403台风格美路径')  
  
    # 显示图形  
    plt.show()  
  
# 调用函数，替换 extent 为所需的经纬度范围  
plot_typhoons(df, extent=[100, 150, 0, 40])  # 根据需要设置extent