JUC并发编程---简单聊聊LockSupport与Unsafe

LockSupport主要提供了一些park和unpark公有的静态方法，用来阻塞和唤醒线程。

方法	介绍
park()	阻塞当前线程，如果掉用unpark(Thread)方法或被中断，才能从park()返回
park(Object blocker)	阻塞当前线程，等待blocker释放
parkNanos(long nanos)	阻塞当前线程，nanos是超时时间
parkUntil(long deadline)	阻塞当前线程，deadline是一个日期的long数值
unpark(Thread)	唤醒指定线程

public static void park() {
    UNSAFE.park(false, 0L);
}

public static void park(Object blocker) {
    Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
    setBlocker(t, blocker);
    UNSAFE.park(false, 0L);
    setBlocker(t, null);
}
private static void setBlocker(Thread t, Object arg) {
    // Even though volatile, hotspot doesn't need a write barrier here.
    UNSAFE.putObject(t, parkBlockerOffset, arg);
}
static {
	Class<?> tk = Thread.class;
	parkBlockerOffset = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset(tk.getDeclaredField("parkBlocker"));
}

public static void parkNanos(long nanos) {
    if (nanos> 0)
        UNSAFE.park(false, nanos);
}

public static void parkUntil(long deadline) {
	UNSAFE.park(true, deadline);
}

public static void unpark(Thread thread) {
    if (thread != null)
        UNSAFE.unpark(thread);
}

总结一下：LockSupport有下面一些性质：

1. 相比于其他锁，synchronized、reentrantlock，这里的LockSupport是针对线程阻塞
2. 由于1，所以一个线程调用park后就阻塞了，所以是不可重入的
3. unpark可以先于park调用，并且下次park不会阻塞

可以看到上面LockSupport的这些方法主要借助Unsafe来实现，主要有下面这些方法

// 将一个java对象o中偏移地址为offset的属性值设置为x
// unpark方法则是设置Thread对象中的parkBlocker。测试流程在下方
public native void putObject(Object o, long offset, Object x);

// 调用系统让
public native void park(boolean isAbsolute, long time);

// 释放指定线程
public native void unpark(Object thread);

putObject的测试代码

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
    Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    Condition condition = lock.newCondition();
    List<Integer> item = new ArrayList<>();
    // 生产线程
    Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
        try {
            while (true) {
                lock.lock();
                if (item.size() > 0) { // 第二步，在这里打断点，并放开第一步的断点，让程序进到这个断点
                    condition.await();
                }
                item.add((int) (Math.random() * 100));
                System.out.println("生产：" + item.get(0));
                condition.signal();
                lock.unlock();
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }, "t1");
    t1.start();
    // 消费线程
    Thread t2 = new Thread(() -> {
        try {
            while (true) {
                lock.lock();
                if (item.size() <= 0) {
                    condition.await(); // 第一步，在此断点，启动线程
                }
                System.out.println("消费：" + item.get(0));
                item.remove(0);
                condition.signal();
                lock.unlock();
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }, "t2");
    t2.start();
    Thread.sleep(3);
    t1.interrupt();
    t2.interrupt();
}

第一步和第二步如代码提示，之后第三步就是查看线程的情况了，在debug面板进行下面这些操作

展开Threads找到执行了await的线程，如果按上面流程，也就是名称为t2的线程，可以看到其parkBlocker已经有值了而且是对应的锁对象

利用jps以及jstack查看线程状态可以看到

"t2" #13 prio=5 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fc1893b8800 nid=0x5503 waiting on condition [0x0000700001bc5000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (parking)
	at sun.misc.Unsafe.park(Native Method)
	- parking to wait for  <0x0000000795de17d0> (a java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock$NonfairSync)
	at java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport.park(LockSupport.java:175)
	at java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.parkAndCheckInterrupt(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:836)
	at java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.acquireQueued(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:870)
	at java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer$ConditionObject.await(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:2043)
	at com.devil.base.reflect.Test.lambda$main$5(Test.java:60)
	at com.devil.base.reflect.Test$$Lambda$2/112061925.run(Unknown Source)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

一些其他情况下的线程状态

运行状态

"Monitor Ctrl-Break" #5 daemon prio=5 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fef20a6b000 nid=0x4303 runnable [0x000070001094c000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
	at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead0(Native Method)
	at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead(SocketInputStream.java:116)
	at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:170)
	at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:141

sleep的时候

 java.lang.Thread.State: TIMED_WAITING (sleeping)
	at java.lang.Thread.sleep(Native Method)
	at com.devil.base.reflect.Test$1.run(Test.java:38)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

LockSupport.park等待

"t2" #13 prio=5 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fc1893b8800 nid=0x5503 waiting on condition [0x0000700001bc5000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (parking)
	at sun.misc.Unsafe.park(Native Method)
	- parking to wait for  <0x0000000795de17d0> (a java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock$NonfairSync)
	at java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport.park(LockSupport.java:175)

Object.wait等待

"t2" #13 prio=5 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fc1893b8800 nid=0x5503 waiting on condition [0x0000700001bc5000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (parking)
	at sun.misc.Unsafe.park(Native Method)
	- parking to wait for  <0x0000000795de17d0> (a java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock$NonfairSync)
	at java.lang.Object.wait(LockSupport.java:175)

阻塞获取锁

"t2" #13 prio=5 os_prio=31 tid=0x00007fc1893b8800 nid=0x5503 waiting on condition [0x0000700001bc5000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: BLCKED(on object monitor)
	at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead0(Native Method)
	- waiting to lock<0x0000000795de17d0> (a java.lang.Object)