有趣的C语言--字符串与数组和指针的秘密

1、初始化

我们可以通过下面方式来初始化一个字符串

    char arr[] = "this is array";
    char * pointer = "this is pointer";

2、输出

1.数组符号方式

    for(i=0;i<6;i++)
        putchar(arr[i]);
    putchar('\n');
    for(i=0;i<6;i++)
        putchar(pointer[i]);

输出如下

this i
this i

2.指针加法方式

    for(i=0;i<6;i++)
        putchar(*(arr+i));
    putchar('\n');
    for(i=0;i<6;i++)
        putchar(*(pointer+i));

输出如下

this i
this i

3.增量运算符

指针用增量运算符,数组用for循环输出每个char

while(*(pointer) != '\0')
        putchar(*(pointer++));

输出如下

this is pointer

3、修改数据

数组修改数据方法如下

    arr[5] = 'z';
    printf("this is array");
    printf(": chang to %ss \n","this is array");
    printf("%s",arr);

输出如下

this is array: chang to this is array
this zs array

指针修改的话，会存在问题，可能有些编译器会直接编译不通过

    pointer[5] = 'z';
    printf("this is pointer");
    printf(": chang to %ss \n","this is pointer");
    printf("%s",pointer);

如果编译通过，可能会有如下输出

this zs pointer: chang to this zs pointer
this zs pointer

这原因可能为，编译器用相同地址来替代this is pointer。所以，我们printf("this is pointer");中的字符串的指向地址也是pointer，所以我们对pointer的修改也会影响到最后的结果。

4、字符串数组

    char arrs[3][20]={"this is arr1","this is arr2","this is arr3"};
    char * pointers[3]={"this is pointer1","this is pointer2","this 
        is pointer3"};
    printf("%s\n",arrs[1]);
    printf("%s\n",pointers[1]);

输出如下，指针数组的3对应arrs[3][20]中的3

this is arr2
this is pointer2

源码地址：https://github.com/oDevilo/C