在操作系统中，当我们提到安全的时候，意味着有一些资源需要被保护，在Windows操作系统中，这些被保护的资源大多以对象(Object)的形式存在，对象是对资源的一种抽象。每个对象都可以拥有自己的安全描述符(Security Deor)，用来描述它能够被谁、以何种方式而访问。这些对象是客体，那么访问这些对象的主体是什么呢?这些主体就是操作系统中的各个进程，更准确地说是这些进程中的每个线程。每个进程都有一个基本令牌 (Primary Token)，可以被进程中的每个线程所共享，而有些线程比较特殊，它们正在模拟(Impersonating)某个客户端的身份，因此拥有一个模拟令牌(Impersonation Token)，对于这些线程来说，有效令牌就是模拟令牌，而其他线程的有效令牌则是其所属进程的基本令牌。当主体尝试去访问客体时，操作系统会执行访问权限检查(Access Check)，具体来说，是用主体的有效令牌与客体的安全描述符进行比对，从而确定该次访问是否合法。为了提高效率，访问权限检查(Access Check)提供了一种缓存机制，即只有当一个对象被一个进程创建或者打开时，才会进行访问权限检查，访问权限检查的结果会被缓存到进程的句柄表(Handle Table)中，该进程对该对象的后续操作只需要查询句柄表中内容即可确定访问的合法性，而不必每次都执行开销更大的访问权限检查(Access Check)。因为对象和进程都有各自的继承层次，所以对象的安全描述符和进程的令牌从逻辑上讲也是可以继承的，比如文件系统中的文件可以继承其所在目录的安全描述符，子进程可以继承父进程的令牌，这种继承机制使让对象和进程拥有了缺省的安全属性，因此，在一个系统中的安全描述符和令牌的实例数目非常有限，大多数情况下是从父辈们继承过来的缺省值。
using System;
using System.ServiceProcess;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Security.Principal;
namespace MyWindowsService
{
public partial class MyService : ServiceBase
{
public static IntPtr WTS_CURRENT_SERVER_HANDLE = IntPtr.Zero;
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct STARTUPINFO //指定新进程的主窗口特性的一个结构
{
public Int32 cb;
public string lpReserved;
public string lpDesktop;
public string lpTitle;
public Int32 dwX;
public Int32 dwY;
public Int32 dwXSize;
public Int32 dwXCountChars;
public Int32 dwYCountChars;
public Int32 dwFillAttribute;
public Int32 dwFlags;
public Int16 wShowWindow;
public Int16 cbReserved2;
public IntPtr lpReserved2;
public IntPtr hStdInput;
public IntPtr hStdOutput;
public IntPtr hStdError;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct PROCESS_INFORMATION //返回有关新进程及其主线程的信息
{
public IntPtr hProcess;
public IntPtr hThread;
public Int32 dwProcessID;
public Int32 dwThreadID;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES //一个对象的安全描述符
{
public Int32 Length;
public IntPtr lpSecurityDescriptor;
public bool bInheritHandle;
}
public enum SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL //安全模拟级别值
{
SecurityAnonymous,
SecurityIdentification,
SecurityImpersonation,
SecurityDelegation
}
public enum TOKEN_TYPE //主令牌和一个模拟令牌。
{
TokenPrimary = 1,
TokenImpersonation
}
public const int GENERIC_ALL_ACCESS = 0x10000000;
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true,
CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern bool CloseHandle(IntPtr handle);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true,
CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern bool CreateProcessAsUser( //把进程开启在别的session下 从服务中启动一个交互的应用
IntPtr hToken,
string lpApplicationName,
string lpCommandLine,
ref SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpProcessAttributes,
ref SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes,
bool bInheritHandle,
Int32 dwCreationFlags,
IntPtr lpEnvrionment,
string lpCurrentDirectory,
ref STARTUPINFO lpStartupInfo,
ref PROCESS_INFORMATION lpProcessInformation);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool DuplicateTokenEx( // 允许您创建一个主令牌，使得你可以使用CreateProcessAsUser函数
IntPtr hExistingToken,
Int32 dwDesiredAccess,
ref SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes,
Int32 ImpersonationLevel,
Int32 dwTokenType,
ref IntPtr phNewToken);
[DllImport("wtsapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool WTSQueryUserToken(
Int32 sessionId,
out IntPtr Token);
[DllImport("userenv.dll", SetLastError = true)]
static extern bool CreateEnvironmentBlock(
out IntPtr lpEnvironment,
IntPtr hToken,
bool bInherit);
public static void ShowMessageBox(string message, string title)
{
int resp = 0;
WTSSendMessage(
WTS_CURRENT_SERVER_HANDLE,
WTSGetActiveConsoleSessionId(),
title, title.Length,
message, message.Length,
0, 0, out resp, false);
}
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern int WTSGetActiveConsoleSessionId();
[DllImport("wtsapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool WTSSendMessage(
IntPtr hServer,
int SessionId,
String pTitle,
int TitleLength,
String pMessage,
int MessageLength,
int Style,
int Timeout,
out int pResponse,
bool bWait);
public MyService()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
string filePath = @"D:\MyServiceLog.txt";
protected override void OnStart(string[] args)
{
using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Append))
using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(stream))
{
writer.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now},服务启动！");
}
MyService.CreateProcess("cmd.exe", @"C:\Windows\System32\");
}
protected override void OnStop()
{
using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Append))
using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(stream))
{
writer.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now},服务停止！");
}
}
public static void CreateProcess(string app, string path)
{
bool result;
IntPtr hToken = WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent().Token;
IntPtr hDupedToken = IntPtr.Zero;
PROCESS_INFORMATION pi = new PROCESS_INFORMATION();
SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa = new SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES();
sa.Length = Marshal.SizeOf(sa);
STARTUPINFO si = new STARTUPINFO();
si.cb = Marshal.SizeOf(si);
int dwSessionID = WTSGetActiveConsoleSessionId();
result = WTSQueryUserToken(dwSessionID, out hToken); //通过会话ID获取令牌
if (!result)
{
ShowMessageBox("WTSQueryUserToken failed", "AlertService Message");
}
result = DuplicateTokenEx( //复制现有令牌
hToken,
GENERIC_ALL_ACCESS,
ref sa,
(int)SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL.SecurityIdentification,
(int)TOKEN_TYPE.TokenPrimary,
ref hDupedToken
);
if (!result)
{
ShowMessageBox("DuplicateTokenEx failed", "AlertService Message");
}
IntPtr lpEnvironment = IntPtr.Zero;
result = CreateEnvironmentBlock(out lpEnvironment, hDupedToken, false); //创建环境块
if (!result)
{
ShowMessageBox("CreateEnvironmentBlock failed", "AlertService Message");
}
result = CreateProcessAsUser(
hDupedToken,
app,
String.Empty,
ref sa, ref sa,
false, 0, IntPtr.Zero,
path, ref si, ref pi);
if (!result)
{
int error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
string message = String.Format("CreateProcessAsUser Error: {0}", error);
ShowMessageBox(message, "AlertService Message");
}
if (pi.hProcess != IntPtr.Zero)
CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);
if (pi.hThread != IntPtr.Zero)
CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
if (hDupedToken != IntPtr.Zero)
CloseHandle(hDupedToken);
}
}
}
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