TypeScript函数

1.函数类型

ts:

/*
js写法:
function add(x,y){//命名函数
    return x+y;
}

var myAdd=function(x,y){//匿名函数
    return x+y;
}*/
/*
ts写法*/
function add(x:number,y:number):string{//命名函数
//    return x+y;//返回number类型
    return "mm";
}

var myAdd = function (x:number,y:string):string {//匿名函数
    return "hi!";
};

/*name:string,age:number指定n和a的具体意义*/
var myAddts:(name:string,age:number) =>number = function (n:string,a:number):number {//==>后是返回值类型
    return a;
};

对应js:

/*
js写法:
function add(x,y){//命名函数
    return x+y;
}

var myAdd=function(x,y){//匿名函数
    return x+y;
}*/
/*
ts写法*/
function add(x, y) {
    //    return x+y;//返回number类型
    return "mm";
}
var myAdd = function (x, y) {
    return "hi!";
};
/*name:string,age:number指定n和a的具体意义*/
var myAddts = function (n, a) {
    return a;
};

2.可选和默认参数

ts:

/*可选参数  ?   */

function buildName(firstName:string,lastName:string){
    return firstName + " " + lastName;
}

var result1 = buildName("ma","mz");
//var result2 = buildName("ma");//编译错误
//var result3 = buildName("ma","mz","");//编译错误

function buildName2(firstName:string,lastName?:string){
    if(lastName){
        return firstName + " " + lastName;
    }else{
        return firstName;
    }
}

var result22 = buildName2("ma");//有?可有可无


/*
默认参数*/
function  buildName3(firstName:string,lastName="mm"){
return firstName+" "+lastName;
}
var r1=buildName3("m");//lastName是mm
var r2=buildName3("ma","mz");//lastName改为mz
//vae r3=buildName("ma","mz","");//编译错误

//document.getElementById("pid").innerHTML = r1;//m mm
document.getElementById("pid").innerHTML = r2;//ma mz

对应js:

/*可选参数  ?   */
function buildName(firstName, lastName) {
    return firstName + " " + lastName;
}
var result1 = buildName("ma", "mz");
//var result2 = buildName("ma");//编译错误
//var result3 = buildName("ma","mz","");//编译错误
function buildName2(firstName, lastName) {
    if (lastName) {
        return firstName + " " + lastName;
    }
    else {
        return firstName;
    }
}
var result22 = buildName2("ma"); //有?可有可无
/*
默认参数*/
function buildName3(firstName, lastName) {
    if (lastName === void 0) { lastName = "mm"; }
    return firstName + " " + lastName;
}
var r1 = buildName3("m"); //lastName是mm
var r2 = buildName3("ma", "mz"); //lastName改为mz
//vae r3=buildName("ma","mz","");//编译错误
//document.getElementById("pid").innerHTML = r1;//m mm
document.getElementById("pid").innerHTML = r2; //ma mz

3.可变参数

ts:

function peopleName(firstName:string,...restOfname:string[]){//...restOfname:string[]可变参数
    return firstName+""+restOfname.join("-");
}

var pn = peopleName("m1","m2","m3","?");//可变参数,任意个
document.getE

对应js:

function peopleName(firstName) {
    var restOfname = [];
    for (var _i = 1; _i < arguments.length; _i++) {
        restOfname[_i - 1] = arguments[_i];
    }
    return firstName + "" + restOfname.join("-");
}
var pn = peopleName("m1", "m2", "m3", "?"); //可变参数,任意个
document.getElementById("pid").innerHTML = pn; //m1m2-m3-?

4.Lambads 和 this 关键字的使用

ts:

var people = {
    name:["m1","m2","m3","m4"],
    getName:function(){
        /*return function () {
            var i = Math.floor(Math.random()*4);
            return{
                n:this.name[i]//undefined this不是name数组

            }
        }*/

        return ()=> {//Lambads 的使用
            var i = Math.floor(Math.random()*4);
            return{
                n:this.name[i]//m*
            }
        }
    }
};

var Myname = people.getName();
alert("名字:" +Myname().n);

对应js:

var people = {
    name: ["m1", "m2", "m3", "m4"],
    getName: function () {
        /*return function () {
            var i = Math.floor(Math.random()*4);
            return{
                n:this.name[i]//undefined this不是name数组

            }
        }*/
        var _this = this;
        return function () {
            var i = Math.floor(Math.random() * 4);
            return {
                n: _this.name[i] //m*
            };
        };
    }
};
var Myname = people.getName();
alert("名字:" + Myname().n);

5.重载

ts:

function attr(name:string):string;
function attr(age:number):number;

function attr(nameorage:any):any{
    if(nameorage&&typeof nameorage == "string"){
        alert("name");
    }else{
        alert("age");
    }

}

//attr("mm");//name
attr(11);//age

对应js:

function attr(nameorage) {
    if (nameorage && typeof nameorage == "string") {
        alert("name");
    }
    else {
        alert("age");
    }
}
//attr("mm");//name
attr(11); //age