C++：利用哈夫曼编码压缩文件

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-26 08:59:27 发布

o_bvious

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-26 08:59:27 发布

阅读量1.8k

点赞数 2

分类专栏：数据结构文章标签： c++ 文件压缩堆哈夫曼树

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/o_bvious/article/details/52202256

版权

本文介绍如何使用C++编程实现基于哈夫曼编码的文件压缩。通过引入堆数据结构和哈夫曼树，详细阐述了文件压缩过程，涉及Heap.hpp、HuffmanTree.hpp、FileCompress.h、FileCompress.cpp及main.cpp等关键文件。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

首先需要借助一个堆
Heap.hpp

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<assert.h>

template<class T>
class Greater
{
public:
    bool operator()(const T&left, const T&right) const
    {
        return left > right;
    }
};

template<class T>
class Less
{
public:
    bool operator()(const T&left, const T&right) const
    {
        return left < right;
    }
};



template<class T, class Compare = Less<T> >
class Heap
{
public:
    Heap(){}
    Heap(const T* arr, size_t size)
    {
        assert(arr);
        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i)
        {
            _heap.push_back(arr[i]);
        }
        size_t root = _heap.size() / 2 - 1;
        for (int i = root; i >= 0; --i)
        {
            _adjustDown(i);
        }
    }

    size_t Size()
    {
        return _heap.size();
    }

    bool Empty()
    {
        if (_heap.size())
            return 1;
        return 0;
    }

    const T& Top()const
    {
        assert(_heap.size());
        return _heap[0];
    }

    void Insert(const T&data)
    {
        _heap.push_back(data);
        if (_heap.size() > 1)
        {
            size_t child = _heap.size() - 1;
            _adjustUp(child);
        }
    }

    void Print()
    {
        assert(!_heap.empty());
        for (size_t i = 0; i < _heap.size(); ++i)
        {
            std::cout << _heap[i] << " ";
        }
        std::cout << std::endl;
    }

    void Pop()
    {
        assert(!_heap.empty());
        if (_heap.size() > 1)
        {
            _heap[0] = _heap[_heap.size() - 1];
            _heap.pop_back();
            _adjustDown(0);
        }
        else
        {
            _heap.pop_back();
        }
    }

private:
    void _adjustUp(size_t child)
    {
        size_t root = (child - 1) / 2;
        while ((child>0) && (Compare()(_heap[child], _heap[root])))
        {
            std::swap(_heap[child], _heap[root]);
            child = root;
            root = (root - 1) / 2;
        }
    }

    void _adjustDown(size_t root)
    {
        size_t child = root * 2 + 1;
        while (child<_heap.size())
        {
            if (((child + 1)<_heap.size()) && (Compare()(_heap[child + 1], _heap[child])))
            {
                child = child + 1;
            }
            if (Compare()(_heap[child], _heap[root]))
            {
                std::swap(_heap[root], _heap[child]);
            }
            root = child;
            child = child * 2 + 1;
        }

    }
private:
    std::vector< T > _heap;
};

其次需要借助哈夫曼树 HuffmanTree.hpp

#pragma once
#include"Heap.hpp"
#include<queue>

template<class T>
class Compare
{
public:
    bool operator()(T left, T right)
    {
        return left->_weight < right->_weight;
    }
};


template<class T>
struct HuffmanTreeNode
{
    HuffmanTreeNode(const T &weight)
    :_weight(weight)
    , pleft(NULL)
    , pright(NULL)
    , parent(NULL)
    {}
    T _weight;
    HuffmanTreeNode* pleft;
    HuffmanTreeNode* pright;
    HuffmanT