Python 使用Picking进行二进制IO

Python的pickle模块使用强大且有效的算法来序列化和反序列化对象。序列化是指将一个对象转换为一个能够存储在一个文件中或在网络上进行传输的字节流的过程。反序列化指的是相反的过程，它是从字节流中提取出对象的过程。序列化/反序列化在Python中也称为浸渍/去渍或卸载/加载对象。
利用二进制IO创建一个地址簿：

# coding：utf-8
import pickle
import os.path
from Tkinter import *
import tkMessageBox

class Address:
    def __init__(self, name, street, city, state, zip):
        self.name = name
        self.street = street
        self.city = city
        self.state = state
        self.zip = zip

class AddressBook:
    def __init__(self):
        window = Tk()
        window.title("AddressBook") # Set title

        self.nameVar = StringVar()
        self.streetVar = StringVar()
        self.cityVar = StringVar()
        self.stateVar = StringVar()
        self.zipVar = StringVar()

        frame1 = Frame(window)
        frame1.pack()
        Label(frame1, text = "Name").grid(row = 1,
                                          column = 1, sticky = W)
        Entry(frame1, textvariable = self.nameVar,
              width = 40).grid(row = 1, column = 2)

        frame2 = Frame(window)
        frame2.pack()
        Label(frame2, text = "Street").grid(row = 1,
                                            column = 1, sticky = W)
        Entry(frame2, textvariable = self.streetVar,
              width = 40).grid(row = 1, column = 2)

        frame3 = Frame(window)
        frame3.pack()
        Label(frame3, text = "City", width = 5).grid(row = 1,
                                            column = 1, sticky = W)
        Entry(frame3, textvariable = self.cityVar,).grid( \
            row = 1, column = 2)
        Label(frame3, text = "State").grid(row = 1,
                                            column = 3, sticky = W)
        Entry(frame3, textvariable = self.stateVar,width = 5).grid( \
            row = 1, column = 4)
        Label(frame3, text = "ZIP").grid(row = 1,
                                            column = 5, sticky = W)
        Entry(frame3, textvariable = self.zipVar, width = 5).grid( \
            row = 1, column = 6)

        frame4 = Frame(window)
        frame4.pack()
        Button(frame4, text = "Add", \
               command = self.processAdd).grid(row = 1, column = 1)
        btFirst = Button(frame4, text = "First",
                         command = self.processFirst).grid(row = 1, column = 2)
        btNext = Button(frame4, text = "Next",
                         command = self.processNext).grid(row = 1, column = 3)
        btPrevious = Button(frame4, text = "Previous",
                         command = self.processPrevious).grid(row = 1, column = 4)
        btLast = Button(frame4, text = "Last",
                         command = self.processLast).grid(row = 1, column = 5)

        self.addressList = self.loadAddress()
        self.current = 0

        if len(self.addressList) > 0:
            self.setAddress()

        window.mainloop() # Create an event loop

    def saveAddress(self):
        outfile = open("address.dat", "wb")
        pickle.dump(self.addressList, outfile)
        tkMessageBox.showinfo(\
            "Address saved", "A new address is saved")
        outfile.close()

    def loadAddress(self):
        if not os.path.isfile("address.dat"):
            return [] # Return an empty list

        try:
            infile = open("address.dat", "rb")
            addressList = pickle.load(infile)
        except EOFError:
            addressList = []

        infile.close()
        return addressList

    def processAdd(self):
        address = Address(self.nameVar.get(), \
                          self.streetVar.get(), self.cityVar.get(),
                          self.stateVar.get(), self.zipVar.get())
        self.addressList.append(address)
        self.saveAddress()

    def processFirst(self):
        self.current = 0
        self.setAddress()

    def processNext(self):
        if self.current < len(self.addressList) - 1:
                self.current += 1
                self.setAddress()

    def processPrevious(self):
        print "Left as exercise"

    def processLast(self):
        print "Left as exercise"

    def setAddress(self):
        self.nameVar.set(self.addressList[self.current].name)
        self.streetVar.set(self.addressList[self.current].street)
        self.cityVar.set(self.addressList[self.current].city)
        self.stateVar.set(self.addressList[self.current].state)
        self.zipVar.set(self.addressList[self.current].zip)

AddressBook() # Create GUI

AddressBook中的__int__方法创建用来显示和处理地址的用户接口，它从文件读取地址列表，并且将当前列表的地址索引号下表设置为0(Line 69)。如果地址列表不为空，程序将显示第一个地址(Line 71 - 72)。
processAdd方法使用输入框的值创建一个Address对象。它将这个对象追加到列表当中(Line 100)并调用setAddress方法来将最新更新的列表存到文件中。
--摘自《Python 语言程序设计》