centos普通用户安装mysql5.6

以下为在centos6上用普通安装mysql5.6过程的记录。开始踩过不少坑，特整理记录下过程，把安装尽可能简单化。5.6系列与5.7系列使用普通用户安装存在些许差异，后续会说到，希望能帮助到读者。

软件下载参考前文：https://blog.csdn.net/ohaozy/article/details/103435471

[root@localhost ~]# useradd mysql

[root@localhost ~]# passwd mysql

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data

[root@localhost ~]# chown mysql:mysql /data

[root@localhost ~]# su - mysql

Last login: Fri Nov 29 22:05:22 PST 2019 on pts/0

[mysql@localhost ~]$ mkdir /data/soft

#上传软件包到/data/soft

[mysql@localhost ~]$ cd /data/soft/

[mysql@localhost soft]$ ls

MySQL-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar  MySQL-devel-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm     MySQL-server-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

MySQL-client-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm      MySQL-embedded-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  MySQL-shared-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  MySQL-test-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

#5.6系列解压server包和client即可

[mysql@localhost soft]$ rpm2cpio MySQL-server-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | cpio -idvm

./var/lib/mysql-files

。。。。。。。。。

517986 blocks

[mysql@localhost soft]$ rpm2cpio MySQL-client-5.6.36-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | cpio -idvm

./usr/bin/msql2mysql

./usr/share/man/man1/mysqlslap.1.gz

。。。。。。。

180598 blocks

 

[mysql@localhost soft]$ rpm -qa|grep libai

libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep numactl

numactl-libs-2.0.9-2.el7.x86_64

如果没有上面两个，则需要root用户安装：yum install -y libaio numactl

[mysql@localhost soft]$ mkdir /data/mysql

[mysql@localhost soft]$ mv etc/  /data/mysql/

[mysql@localhost soft]$ mv usr/  /data/mysql/

[mysql@localhost soft]$ mv var/  /data/mysql/

[mysql@localhost mysql]$ mkdir /data

[mysql@localhost mysql]$ mkdir /data/mysql/data/tmp

[mysql@localhost mysql]$  cd /data/mysql

[mysql@localhost mysql]$  ls etc

init.d  logrotate.d  my.cnf.d

[mysql@localhost mysql]$ vi etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

federated

symbolic-links=0

port=3306

socket=/data/mysql/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

basedir=/data/mysql/usr

datadir=/data/mysql/data

tmpdir=/data/mysql/data/tmp

secure-file-priv=/data/mysql/var/lib/mysql-files

collation_server=utf8_unicode_ci

character_set_server=utf8

[mysql@localhost mysql]$ vi ~/.bash_profile

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:/data/mysql/usr/bin:/data/mysql/usr/sbin

[mysql@localhost mysql]$ source ~/.bash_profile

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install autoconf  #需要root安装autoconf，否则mysql用户执行：mysql_install_db报错

。。。。。。。。。。。。。

Installed:

  autoconf.noarch 0:2.69-11.el7

Dependency Installed:

  m4.x86_64 0:1.4.16-10.el7                                                             perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7

Complete!

[mysql@localhost mysql]$ mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/data/mysql/usr --defaults-file=/data/mysql/etc/my.cnf

Installing MySQL system tables...2019-11-29 22:16:43 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

2019-11-29 22:16:43 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.

2019-11-29 22:16:43 0 [Note] /data/mysql/usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.36) starting as process 2498 ...

2019-11-29 22:16:43 2498 [Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)

 

2019-11-29 22:16:43 2498 [Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)

 

2019-11-29 22:16:43 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages

2019-11-29 22:16:43 2498 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled

2019-11-29 22:16:43 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins

2019-11-29 22:16:43 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used

2019-11-29 22:16:43 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3

2019-11-29 22:16:43 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO

2019-11-29 22:16:43 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions

2019-11-29 22:16:43 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M

2019-11-29 22:16:43 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool

2019-11-29 22:16:43 2498 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created!

2019-11-29 22:16:43 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB

2019-11-29 22:16:43 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...

2019-11-29 22:16:43 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB

2019-11-29 22:16:43 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB

2019-11-29 22:16:44 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0

2019-11-29 22:16:44 2498 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781

2019-11-29 22:16:44 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new

2019-11-29 22:16:44 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created

2019-11-29 22:16:44 2498 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.

2019-11-29 22:16:44 2498 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.

2019-11-29 22:16:44 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created

2019-11-29 22:16:44 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.

2019-11-29 22:16:44 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created.

2019-11-29 22:16:44 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start

2019-11-29 22:16:44 2498 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.36 started; log sequence number 0

2019-11-29 22:16:44 2498 [Note] Binlog end

2019-11-29 22:16:44 2498 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.

2019-11-29 22:16:44 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2498 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977

OK

 

Filling help tables...2019-11-29 22:16:46 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

2019-11-29 22:16:46 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.

2019-11-29 22:16:46 0 [Note] /data/mysql/usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.36) starting as process 2520 ...

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)

 

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)

 

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.36 started; log sequence number 1625977

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Note] Binlog end

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.

2019-11-29 22:16:46 2520 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...

2019-11-29 22:16:48 2520 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987

OK

 

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy

support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

 

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !

To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

 

  /data/mysql/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' #提示你修改密码的命令

  /data/mysql/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password 'new-password'

 

Alternatively you can run:

 

  /data/mysql/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

 

which will also give you the option of removing the test

databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is

strongly recommended for production servers.

 

See the manual for more instructions.

 

You can start the MySQL daemon with:

 

  cd /usr ; /data/mysql/usr/bin/mysqld_safe &

 

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl

 

  cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

 

Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/

 

The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at

 

  http://www.mysql.com

 

Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com

 

WARNING: Found existing config file /data/mysql/usr/my.cnf on the system.

Because this file might be in use, it was not replaced,

but was used in bootstrap (unless you used --defaults-file)

and when you later start the server.

The new default config file was created as /data/mysql/usr/my-new.cnf,

please compare it with your file and take the changes you need.

 

[mysql@localhost mysql]$ mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql &  #启动

[1] 2545

[mysql@localhost mysql]$ 2019-11-29 22:19:48 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

2019-11-29 22:19:48 0 [Note] mysqld (mysqld 5.6.36) starting as process 2545 ...

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)

 

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)

 

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.36 started; log sequence number 1625987

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 6923a85a-1339-11ea-a58c-000c2953de29.

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3306

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] IPv6 is available.

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note]   - '::' resolves to '::';

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events

2019-11-29 22:19:48 2545 [Note] mysqld: ready for connections.

Version: '5.6.36'  socket: '/data/mysql/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock'  port: 3306  MySQL Community Server (GPL)

 

[mysql@localhost mysql]$ ln -s /data/mysql/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock  /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysql@localhost mysql]$ mysql -uroot -proot -S /tmp/mysql.sock

Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.6.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

 

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

 

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

 

mysql> show schemas;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| test               |

| tmp                |

+--------------------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> use mysql

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

 

Database changed

mysql> select host,user from user;

+-----------------------+------+

| host                  | user |

+-----------------------+------+

| 127.0.0.1             | root |

| ::1                   | root |

| localhost             |      |

| localhost             | root |

| localhost.localdomain |      |

| localhost.localdomain | root |

+-----------------------+------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> exit

 

[mysql@localhost mysql]$ mysqladmin -uroot -proot shutdown -S /tmp/mysql.sock

Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] mysqld: Normal shutdown

 

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Giving 0 client threads a chance to die gracefully

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Event Scheduler: Purging the queue. 0 events

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down slave threads

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Forcefully disconnecting 0 remaining clients

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Binlog end

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'partition'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_DATAFILES'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLESPACES'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN_COLS'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FIELDS'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_COLUMNS'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_INDEXES'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLESTATS'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLES'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_INDEX_TABLE'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_INDEX_CACHE'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_CONFIG'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_BEING_DELETED'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_DELETED'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_DEFAULT_STOPWORD'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_METRICS'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE_LRU'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX_RESET'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMPMEM_RESET'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMPMEM'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_RESET'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_LOCK_WAITS'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_LOCKS'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_TRX'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'InnoDB'

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.

2019-11-29 22:38:39 2545 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...

2019-11-29 22:38:40 2545 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625997

2019-11-29 22:38:40 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'FEDERATED'

2019-11-29 22:38:40 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'BLACKHOLE'

2019-11-29 22:38:40 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'ARCHIVE'

2019-11-29 22:38:40 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MRG_MYISAM'

2019-11-29 22:38:40 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MyISAM'

2019-11-29 22:38:40 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MEMORY'

2019-11-29 22:38:40 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'CSV'

2019-11-29 22:38:40 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'sha256_password'

2019-11-29 22:38:40 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_old_password'

2019-11-29 22:38:40 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_native_password'

2019-11-29 22:38:40 2545 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'binlog'

2019-11-29 22:38:40 2545 [Note] mysqld: Shutdown complete

 

[1]+  Done                    mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql

[mysql@localhost mysql]$

 

到此，普通用户安装结束。

附：

使用mysqld_safe启动：

mysqld_safe --basedir=/data/mysql/usr --datadir=/data/mysql/data --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/data/mysql.pid --socket=/data/mysql/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --secure-file-priv=/data/mysql/var/lib/mysql-files  --port=3306 &

#chkconfig命令设置自启动mysql服务,视情况修改：/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

[root@linuxidc support-files]# cp ./mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

[root@linuxidc support-files]# chkconfig --add mysqld

[root@linuxidc support-files]# chkconfig mysqld on