spring mvc 入门例子

以前公司用的是struts，换了家单位，要用spring的MVC框架，赶紧学习一下。

1 先看web.xml的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
	<display-name>test</display-name>
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

和struts一样，spring的MVC框架的核心也是一个Servlet，默认会加载/WEB-/INF/${servlet-name}-servlet.xml，也可以加入参数修改

		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>
				/WEB-INF/spring/myServlet.xml
			</param-value>
		</init-param>

2 dispatcher-servlet.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN"
        "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd">
<beans default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true">
	<bean id="simpleUrlHandlerMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
		<property name="mappings">
			<props>
				<prop key="/helloWorld.do">helloWorldController</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>
	<bean id="viewResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="viewClass">
			<value>org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView</value>
		</property>
		<property name="prefix">
			<value>/WEB-INF/jsp/</value>
		</property>
		<property name="suffix">
			<value>.jsp</value>
		</property>
		<property name="contentType">
			<value>text/html;charset=UTF8</value>
		</property>
	</bean>
	<bean id="helloWorldController" class="action.HelloWorldController"></bean>
</beans>

DispatchServlet接收到请求后会交给SimpleUrlHandlerMapping控制，由哪个Controller处理，Controller类似于Struts的Action，例子中url为/helloWorld.do的请求由helloWorldController这个bean来处理。

3 java文件HelloWorldController.java

实现了Controller接口

public class HelloWorldController implements Controller {

	public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0,
			HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
		ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
		mv.setViewName("helloWorld");
		mv.addObject("name", "linsong");
		return mv;
	}

}

返回一个ModelAndView对象，ViewName为展现层名字，根据viewResolver配置取得jsp。

4 helloWorld.jsp略

至此，一个简单的spring MVC的例子完成。

接下来深入了解spring MVC的各个组件Controller，HandlerMapping，ViewResolver