GDI/GDI+(1): 将Bitmap导出为Byte[]

最近遇到一个问题，需要将Bitmap中的图像Buffer导出来。

有人说用GDI的GetDIBits方法，有人说用GDI+的LockBits方法。

找了很多资料，都没找到可直接运行的代码，只有老老实实的查MSDN。

最后终于搞定了，下面见代码：

// BitmapToByteArray.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//

#include <tchar.h>
#include <windows.h>

#include <gdiplus.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "gdiplus")
using namespace Gdiplus;

int GetEncoderClsid(const WCHAR* format, CLSID* pClsid)
{
	UINT  num = 0;          // number of image encoders
	UINT  size = 0;         // size of the image encoder array in bytes

	ImageCodecInfo* pImageCodecInfo = NULL;

	GetImageEncodersSize(&num, &size);
	if(size == 0)
		return -1;  // Failure

	pImageCodecInfo = (ImageCodecInfo*)(malloc(size));
	if(pImageCodecInfo == NULL)
		return -1;  // Failure

	GetImageEncoders(num, size, pImageCodecInfo);

	for(UINT j = 0; j < num; ++j)
	{
		if( wcscmp(pImageCodecInfo[j].MimeType, format) == 0 )
		{
			*pClsid = pImageCodecInfo[j].Clsid;
			free(pImageCodecInfo);
			return j;  // Success
		}
	}

	free(pImageCodecInfo);
	return -1;  // Failure
}

void ExtractBitmapToByteArray_1()
{
	// Create a Bitmap object from a BMP file.
	Bitmap bitmap(_T("menu.png"));

	BitmapData bmpData;
	Rect rect(0, 0, bitmap.GetWidth(), bitmap.GetHeight());

	bitmap.LockBits(
		&rect,
		ImageLockModeWrite,
		PixelFormat32bppARGB,
		&bmpData);

	// Write to the temporary buffer provided by LockBits.
	UINT* pixels = (UINT*)bmpData.Scan0;

	int byteCount = bmpData.Stride * bmpData.Height;
	BYTE* pBuffer = new BYTE[byteCount];
	memcpy(pBuffer, pixels, byteCount);

	Bitmap bitmap22(
		bmpData.Width,
		bmpData.Height,
		bmpData.Stride,
		bmpData.PixelFormat,
		(BYTE*)bmpData.Scan0);

	CLSID clsid;
	GetEncoderClsid(_T("image/png"), &clsid);
	bitmap22.Save(_T("menu_1.png"), &clsid);
	delete []pBuffer;

	bitmap.UnlockBits(&bmpData);
}

// 通过临时文件将png图片保存到IStream中
BOOL ExtractBitmapToByteArray_2()
{
	Bitmap bitmap(_T("menu.png"));

	TCHAR pszPath[MAX_PATH] = {0};
	GetTempPath(MAX_PATH, pszPath);
	const TCHAR tmpName[] = _T("menu.png.tmp");
	lstrcat(pszPath, tmpName);

	IStorage* pstgFile = NULL;
	HRESULT hr = ::StgCreateDocfile(pszPath,
		STGM_CREATE | STGM_READWRITE | STGM_SHARE_EXCLUSIVE,
		0, &pstgFile);
	if( FAILED(hr) ) { return FALSE; }

	IStream * pStream = NULL;
	TCHAR pszName[10] = _T("Image");
	hr = pstgFile->OpenStream(pszName, NULL, STGM_READWRITE | STGM_SHARE_EXCLUSIVE, NULL, &pStream);
	if (FAILED(hr)) {
		hr = pstgFile->CreateStream(pszName, STGM_CREATE | STGM_READWRITE | STGM_SHARE_EXCLUSIVE, 0, 0, &pStream);
		if (FAILED(hr)) { return FALSE; }
	}

	// 以png格式保存到IStream中
	CLSID ImageClsid;
	GetEncoderClsid(_T("image/png"), &ImageClsid);
	bitmap.Save(pStream, &ImageClsid);

	// Begin -- HH Debug
	STATSTG statstg;
	pStream->Stat(&statstg, STATFLAG_NONAME);
	int nDatalen = (ULONG)statstg.cbSize.QuadPart;
	// End -- HH Debug

	// read
	GetEncoderClsid(_T("image/png"), &ImageClsid);
	Gdiplus::Bitmap* pRead = Gdiplus::Bitmap::FromStream(pStream);
	pRead->Save(_T("menu2.png"), &ImageClsid);

	pStream->Release();
	pstgFile->Release();
	DeleteFile(pszPath);

	return TRUE;
}

//------------保存Bitmap到文件---------------
BOOL SaveBitmapToFile(HBITMAP hBitmap, LPCTSTR lpFileName ) 
{ 
	HDC hDC; //设备描述表 
	int iBits; //当前显示分辨率下每个像素所占字节数 
	WORD wBitCount; //位图中每个像素所占字节数 
	DWORD dwPaletteSize=0, //定义调色板大小， 位图中像素字节大小 ，位图文件大小 ， 写入文件字节数 
		dwBmBitsSize, 
		dwDIBSize, dwWritten; 
	BITMAP Bitmap; //位图属性结构 
	BITMAPFILEHEADER bmfHdr; //位图文件头结构 
	BITMAPINFOHEADER bi; //位图信息头结构 
	LPBITMAPINFOHEADER lpbi; //指向位图信息头结构 

	HANDLE fh, hDib, hPal,hOldPal=NULL; //定义文件，分配内存句柄，调色板句柄 

	//计算位图文件每个像素所占字节数 
	HDC hWndDC = CreateDC(_T("DISPLAY"),NULL,NULL,NULL); 
	hDC = ::CreateCompatibleDC( hWndDC ) ; 
	iBits = GetDeviceCaps(hDC, BITSPIXEL) * GetDeviceCaps(hDC, PLANES); 
	DeleteDC(hDC); 

	if (iBits <= 1) 
		wBitCount = 1; 
	else if (iBits <= 4) 
		wBitCount = 4; 
	else if (iBits <= 8) 
		wBitCount = 8; 
	else if (iBits <= 24) 
		wBitCount = 24; 
	else 
		wBitCount = 24 ; 

	//计算调色板大小 
	if (wBitCount <= 8) 
		dwPaletteSize = (1 << wBitCount) * sizeof(RGBQUAD); 

	//设置位图信息头结构 
	GetObject(hBitmap, sizeof(BITMAP), (LPSTR)&Bitmap); 
	bi.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER); 
	bi.biWidth = Bitmap.bmWidth; 
	bi.biHeight = Bitmap.bmHeight; 
	bi.biPlanes = 1; 
	bi.biBitCount = wBitCount; 
	bi.biCompression = BI_RGB; 
	bi.biSizeImage = 0; 
	bi.biXPelsPerMeter = 0; 
	bi.biYPelsPerMeter = 0; 
	bi.biClrUsed = 0; 
	bi.biClrImportant = 0; 

	dwBmBitsSize = ((Bitmap.bmWidth * wBitCount+31)/32) * 4 * Bitmap.bmHeight ; 

	//为位图内容分配内存 
	hDib = GlobalAlloc(GHND,dwBmBitsSize+dwPaletteSize+sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)); 
	lpbi = (LPBITMAPINFOHEADER)GlobalLock(hDib); 
	*lpbi = bi; 

	// 处理调色板 
	hPal = GetStockObject(DEFAULT_PALETTE); 
	if (hPal) 
	{ 
		hDC = ::GetDC(NULL); 
		hOldPal = ::SelectPalette(hDC, (HPALETTE)hPal, FALSE); 
		RealizePalette(hDC); 
	} 

	// 获取该调色板下新的像素值 
	GetDIBits(hDC, hBitmap, 0, (UINT) Bitmap.bmHeight, 
		(LPSTR)lpbi + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) 
		+dwPaletteSize, 
		(LPBITMAPINFO ) 
		lpbi, DIB_RGB_COLORS); 

	//恢复调色板 
	if (hOldPal) 
	{ 
		SelectPalette(hDC, (HPALETTE)hOldPal, TRUE); 
		RealizePalette(hDC); 
		::ReleaseDC(NULL, hDC); 
	} 

	//创建位图文件 
	fh = CreateFile(lpFileName, GENERIC_WRITE, 
		0, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, 
		FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN, NULL); 

	if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) 
		return FALSE; 

	// 设置位图文件头 
	bmfHdr.bfType = 0x4D42; // "BM" 
	dwDIBSize = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) 
		+ sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) 
		+ dwPaletteSize + dwBmBitsSize; 
	bmfHdr.bfSize = dwDIBSize; 
	bmfHdr.bfReserved1 = 0; 
	bmfHdr.bfReserved2 = 0; 
	bmfHdr.bfOffBits = (DWORD)sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) 
		+ (DWORD)sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) 
		+ dwPaletteSize; 

	// 写入位图文件头 
	WriteFile(fh, (LPSTR)&bmfHdr, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), &dwWritten, NULL); 

	// 写入位图文件其余内容 
	WriteFile(fh, (LPSTR)lpbi, dwDIBSize, 
		&dwWritten, NULL); 

	//清除 
	GlobalUnlock(hDib); 
	GlobalFree(hDib); 
	CloseHandle(fh); 

	return TRUE; 
}

void ExtractBitmapToByteArray_3()
{
	Bitmap bmp(_T("menu.png"));
	HBITMAP hBitmap;
	bmp.GetHBITMAP(Color(0,255,255,255), &hBitmap);
	SaveBitmapToFile(hBitmap, _T("menu_3.bmp"));
}

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
	ULONG_PTR gdiplusToken;
	GdiplusStartupInput gdiplusStartupInput;
	GdiplusStartup(&gdiplusToken, &gdiplusStartupInput, NULL);

	ExtractBitmapToByteArray_1();

	GdiplusShutdown(gdiplusToken);

	return 0;
}

一共有2种方法将png保存到图片中。

第3种是将png保存到bmp中。

另外大家也可以在这里查看： 使用LockBits将Bitmap导出为Byte[]