日报2015/11/17(第一行代码读书笔记)

ContentResolver

使用内容提供器是Android实现跨程序共享数据的标准方式。

基本用法

这里要访问的是通讯录，里面已经有一个系统自己的ContentProvider

数据查询无非是要最终得到Cursor对象并遍历，跨程序得到Cursor，就是需要用到ContentResolver了
例如：ContactsTest

得到系统通讯录的查询结果

Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(
ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,
        null,
        null,
        null,
        null);

第一个参数是一个Uri对象，ContentResolver就是通过这种方式来跨程序访问资源，这个Uri的String形式为：

协议名://包名.provider//表名
content://com.jackie.app.provider//table1

Uri.parse(String uri)//将字符串转化为Uri对象

自己定义ContentProvider

ProviderTest
DatabaseTest

系统的通讯录之所以可以被访问到，因为里面有一个它的ContentProvider，那么如果我们自己的程序，例如之前我的DatabaseTest项目里的数据库，其他程序要对它进行CRUD，则需要在DatabaseTest项目里自己定义一个ContentProvider

package com.jackie.databasetest;

import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.UriMatcher;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;

/**
 * Created by Law on 2015/11/18.
 */
public class DatabaseProvider extends ContentProvider {
    public static final int BOOK_DIR = 0;
    public static final int BOOK_ITEM = 1;
    public static final int CATEGORY_DIR = 2;
    public static final int CATEGORY_ITEM = 3;
    public static final String AUTHORITY = "com.jackie.databasetest.provider";
    private static UriMatcher uriMatcher;
    private MyDatabaseHelper myDatabaseHelper;

    static {
        uriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "book", BOOK_DIR);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "book/#", BOOK_ITEM);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "category", CATEGORY_DIR);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "category/#", CATEGORY_ITEM);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {
        myDatabaseHelper = new MyDatabaseHelper(getContext(), "book.db", null, 2);
        return true;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
        Cursor cursor = null;
        SQLiteDatabase db = myDatabaseHelper.getReadableDatabase();
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK_DIR:
                cursor = db.query("book", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);
                break;
            case BOOK_ITEM:
                //比如：content://"+AUTHORIY+"/book/1",
                //getPathSegments() 得到/book/1
                //get(1)得到1
                String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                cursor = db.query("book", projection, "id=?", new String[]{bookId}, null, null, sortOrder);
                break;
            case CATEGORY_DIR:
                cursor = db.query("category", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);
                break;
            case CATEGORY_ITEM:
                String categoryId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                cursor = db.query("category", projection, "id=?", new String[]{categoryId}, null, null, sortOrder);
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }

        return cursor;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri) {
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK_DIR:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.jackie.databasetest.provider.book";
            case BOOK_ITEM:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.jackie.databasetest.provider.book";
            case CATEGORY_DIR:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.jackie.databasetest.provider.category";
            case CATEGORY_ITEM:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.jackie.databasetest.provider.category";
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
        SQLiteDatabase db = myDatabaseHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        Uri uriReturn = null;
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK_DIR:
                long rowidBook = db.insert("book", null, values);
                uriReturn = uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + "/book/" + rowidBook);
                break;
            case BOOK_ITEM:
                break;
            case CATEGORY_DIR:
                long rowidCategory = db.insert("category", null, values);
                uriReturn = uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + "/category/" + rowidCategory);
                break;
            case CATEGORY_ITEM:
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
        return uriReturn;
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        int deleteRow = 0;
        SQLiteDatabase db = myDatabaseHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK_DIR:
                deleteRow = db.delete("book", selection, selectionArgs);
                break;
            case BOOK_ITEM:
                //比如：content://"+AUTHORIY+"/book/1",
                //getPathSegments() 得到/book/1
                //get(1)得到1
                String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                deleteRow = db.delete("book", "id=?", new String[]{bookId});
                break;
            case CATEGORY_DIR:
                deleteRow = db.delete("category", selection, selectionArgs);
                break;
            case CATEGORY_ITEM:
                String categoryId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                deleteRow = db.delete("category", "id=?", new String[]{categoryId});
                break;
            default:
                break;

        }
        return deleteRow;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        int updateRow = 0;
        SQLiteDatabase db = myDatabaseHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK_DIR:
                updateRow = db.update("book", values, selection, selectionArgs);
                break;
            case BOOK_ITEM:
                //比如：content://"+AUTHORIY+"/book/1",
                //getPathSegments() 得到/book/1
                //get(1)得到1
                String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                updateRow = db.update("book", values, "id=?", new String[]{bookId});
                break;
            case CATEGORY_DIR:
                updateRow = db.update("category", values, selection, selectionArgs);
                break;
            case CATEGORY_ITEM:
                String categoryId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                updateRow = db.update("category", values, "id=?", new String[]{categoryId});
                break;
            default:
                break;

        }
        return updateRow;
    }
}

记得在配置文件中，声明android:exported="true"

        <provider
            android:name="com.jackie.databasetest.DatabaseProvider"
            android:authorities="com.jackie.databasetest.provider"
            android:exported="true" />

然后新建另外的项目，来访问这个数据库

package com.jackie.providertest;

import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
    private String newId;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        findViewById(R.id.btnAdd).setOnClickListener(this);
        findViewById(R.id.btnDelete).setOnClickListener(this);
        findViewById(R.id.btnQuery).setOnClickListener(this);
        findViewById(R.id.btnUpdate).setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        Uri uriDir = Uri.parse("content://com.jackie.databasetest.provider/book");
        Uri uriItem = Uri.parse("content://com.jackie.databasetest.provider/book/" + newId);
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.btnAdd:
                ContentValues book = new ContentValues();
                book.put("name", "无声告白");
                book.put("price", 17.15);
                book.put("pages", 290);
                book.put("author", "伍绮诗");
                Uri newUri = getContentResolver().insert(uriDir, book);
                newId = newUri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                break;
            case R.id.btnQuery:
                Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(uriDir, null, null, null, null);
                if (cursor != null) {
                    while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
                        String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
                        String author = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("author"));
                        double price = cursor.getDouble(cursor.getColumnIndex("price"));
                        int pages = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("pages"));
                        Log.v("jackie", "name is" + " " + name);
                        Log.v("jackie", "author is" + " " + author);
                        Log.v("jackie", "price is" + " " + price);
                        Log.v("jackie", "pages is" + " " + pages);
                    }
                }

                break;
            case R.id.btnUpdate:
                ContentValues bookNew = new ContentValues();
                bookNew.put("name", "年少荒唐");
                bookNew.put("price", 18.00);
                bookNew.put("pages", 323);
                bookNew.put("author", "朱炫");
                getContentResolver().update(uriItem, bookNew, null, null);
                break;
            case R.id.btnDelete:
                getContentResolver().delete(uriItem, null, null);
                break;
        }
    }
}

分别在外部程序对DatabaseTest中的数据库进行CRUD操作，Log如下：

插入后：
11-18 15:05:29.275 22065-22065/? V/jackie: name is 无声告白
11-18 15:05:29.275 22065-22065/? V/jackie: author is 伍绮诗
11-18 15:05:29.275 22065-22065/? V/jackie: price is 17.15
11-18 15:05:29.275 22065-22065/? V/jackie: pages is 290

更新后：

11-18 15:05:50.590 22065-22065/? V/jackie: name is 年少荒唐
11-18 15:05:50.590 22065-22065/? V/jackie: author is 朱炫
11-18 15:05:50.590 22065-22065/? V/jackie: price is 18.0
11-18 15:05:50.590 22065-22065/? V/jackie: pages is 323