一、本机环境
1.Windows 7 32位操作系统
2.java版本 "1.7"
3.Apache安装包httpd-2.2.21-win32-x86-no_ssl.msi,默认安装
4.tomcat7
5.在一台机器上进行的
二、安装
1.前提是Apache安装正确,启动正常
2.解压缩多个tomcat,例如D:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation
三、配置
1.打开Apache根目录/conf/httpd.conf文件,找到如下信息,并将注释去掉,结果如下:
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
2.在httpd.conf文件最后添加如下代码:
ProxyRequests Off <proxy balancer://cluster> BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:8009 loadfactor=1 route=jvm1 BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9009 loadfactor=1 route=jvm2 #The below is the hot standby #BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9999 status=+H #此为备份服务器,只需添加status=+H #ProxySet lbmethod=bytraffic </proxy>
3.打开Apache根目录/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf文件,找到下列文字并注释 ,如下:
#<VirtualHost *:80> # ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.sm.com # DocumentRoot "C:/Program Files (x86)/Apache Software Foundation/Apache2.2/docs/dummy-host.sm.com" # ServerName dummy-host.sm.com # ServerAlias www.dummy-host.sm.com # ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host.sm.com-error.log" # CustomLog "logs/dummy-host.sm.com-access.log" common #</VirtualHost> #<VirtualHost *:80> # ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host2.sm.com # DocumentRoot "C:/Program Files (x86)/Apache Software Foundation/Apache2.2/docs/dummy-host2.sm.com" # ServerName dummy-host2.sm.com # ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host2.sm.com-error.log" # CustomLog "logs/dummy-host2.sm.com-access.log" common #</VirtualHost>
4.在httpd-vhosts.conf文件最后加入如下代码 (域名与路径根据自己需要配置):
<VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin test@qq.com ServerName localhost ServerAlias localhost ProxyPass / balancer://cluster/ ProxyPassReverse / balancer://cluster/ ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host2.sm.com-error.log" CustomLog "logs/dummy-host2.sm.com-access.log" common </VirtualHost>
注意:此处 balancer://cluster与第二步< proxy balancer://cluster > 相对应
5.配置tomcat,修改conf/server.xml文件(注:本示例中用了两台Tomcat服务器与多台配置是相同的 )
修改第二个tomcat(两个tomcat任意设置一个)
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
将8005改为9005
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
将8080改为9080,将8443改为9443
<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
将8009改为9009,将8443,改为9443
6.所有Tomcat均做以下修改(conf/server.xml):
a.找到<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost= "localhost" >增加 jvmRoute属性如下:
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm2">
注意:jvmRoute属性值与第二步route=jvm*是相对应
b.在<Engine name="." ..></Engine>标签中最后处添加以下代码:
注意:对于这一步各个版本的Tomcat代码可能,具体可看http://localhost:8080/docs/cluster-howto.html
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" channelSendOptions="6"> <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager" expireSessionsOnShutdown="false" notifyListenersOnReplication="true" mapSendOptions="6"/> <!-- <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager" expireSessionsOnShutdown="false" notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/> --> <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel"> <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService" address="228.0.0.4" port="45564" frequency="500" dropTime="3000"/> <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver" address="auto" port="5000" selectorTimeout="100" maxThreads="6"/> <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter"> <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/> </Sender> <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/> <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/> <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/> </Channel> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve" filter=".*\.gif|.*\.js|.*\.jpeg|.*\.jpg|.*\.png|.*\.htm|.*\.html|.*\.css|.*\.txt"/> <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer" tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/" deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/" watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/" watchEnabled="false"/> <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/> </Cluster>
7.修改应用的web.xml,在<web-app>结束标签前追加 <distributable/>
8.所有配置已经完毕,我们现在可以进行测试
9.为了让效果更加明显,在各个Tomcat webapps\ROOT文件夹中添加index.jsp,代码如下:
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=GBK"%>
<%@ page import="java.util.*"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>Cluster App Test</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
out.println("Server Info::"+request.getLocalAddr() + ":" + request.getLocalPort()+"</br>");
String jsessionid = session.getId();
out.println("SESSION ID::" + jsessionid+"</br>");
// 如果有新的 Session 属性设置
String dataName = request.getParameter("dataName");
if (dataName != null && dataName.length() > 0) {
String dataValue = request.getParameter("dataValue");
session.setAttribute(dataName, dataValue);
}
out.println("<b>SESSION ATTRIBUTES:</b></BR>");
Enumeration<String> e = session.getAttributeNames();
while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
String name = (String) e.nextElement();
String value = session.getAttribute(name).toString();
out.println(" "+name + " = " + value + "<br>");
System.out.println(name + " = " + value);
}
out.println("Tomcat*");//Tomcat1、Tomcat2....
%>
<form action="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/index.jsp" method="POST">
名称:<input type=text size=20 name="dataName"> <br>
值:<input type=text size=20 name="dataValue"> <br>
<input type=submit></form>
</body>
10.在浏览器中输入http://localhost,看看效果吧!刷新一下会有意外惊喜
另可参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/sirc/archive/2011/05/17/2049307.html