【DBA基础篇】【LINUX】-Oracle采用的是操作系统默认字符集：WE8MSWIN1252，将字符集修改为：AL32UTF8。

SQL> select userenv('language') from dual;

SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.WE8MSWIN1252

SQL>select * from nls_database_parameters where parameter in ('NLS_CHARCTERSET','NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET');

SQL> select* from v$nls_parameters where parameter='NLS_CHARACTERSET';

操作过程如下：

SQL> shutdown immediate

SQL> startup

SQL> alter session set sql_trace=true;

SQL> alter system enable restricted session;

SQL> show parameter job_queue_processes;

SQL> alter system set job_queue_processes=0;

SQL> alter system set aq_tm_processes=0;

SQL> alter database open;

SQL> alter database character set INTERNAL_USE AL32UTF8;

SQL> update props$ set VALUE$='UTF8' where NAME='NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET';

维护完以后需要

SQL>ALTER SYSTEM DISABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

改变字符集后，原来已有的数据不会改变，只是之后新增的数据会是新的字符集。

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SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 4275781632 bytes

Fixed Size          2260088 bytes

Variable Size         922747784 bytes

Database Buffers     3338665984 bytes

Redo Buffers           12107776 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL> alter system enable restricted session;

System altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK; 

Database altered.

SQL> alter system disable restricted session;

System altered.

SQL> select userenv('language') from dual;

USERENV('LANGUAGE')

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AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

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