SIP扩展综述
SIP扩展可分成几个类型:
- SIP能力的某些欠缺;
- 业务能力增强,如IM、REFER;
- 安全性、Qos能力增强;
- SIP适用于传统电信网络应用模型的能力,包括IMS专用扩展;
- 事件通知 - RFC3265
增加了消息SUBSCRIBE、NOTIFY,
SUBSCRIBE发起订阅,订阅拥有状态(激活、等待、
事件包,一种扩展机制;事件模板包,一种特殊的事件包;
- 状态发布 - RFC3903
PUBLISH方法,
Event head;
- IM - RFC3428、RFC3862
两种消息交互方式:页面模式与session模式;
页面模式:每个消息是独立的,
Session模式:使用SIP建立session,
- PRACK - RFC3262
与传统电信网络中呼叫建立前信令对应的SIP临时消息,
仅适用于INVITE的临时响应;
本扩展的标识100rel;
RSeq头,类似CSeq;PRACK的RACK头,
不能对100 Trying使用可靠传输机制,
- UPDATE - RFC3311
用于不影响当前dialog情况下更新会话描述,
早期阶段(early INVITE-initiated):client获得1xx(
确定阶段:得到2XX应答后;
UPDATE仅用于dialog;
UPDATE携带SDP offer,其2xx应答携带answer;
- Precondition - RFC3312
用于session建立前的资源预留,
Caller在初始SDP中指明本次会话的约束,
SDP中的约束信息如:a=des:qos sptimal e2e send
- REFER - RFC3515
发送者指引接收者去访问REFER请求中所标识的资源;
REFER与NOTIFY综合使用,实现呼叫转移功能;
呼转的类型:
- Unattended transfer,即盲转blind transfer,
Transferor与Transferee之间存在一个呼叫, 但与Transfer Target之间不存在呼叫;
可能的过程:
Transferor向Transferee发送REFER, Transferee回送202 Accepted; Transferee向Transferor发NOTIFY( 100 Trying),并向Transfer Target发起INVITE,在收到200 OK时使用NOTIFY(100 OK)通知Transferor, 然后Transferor或Transferee任一方BYE挂 断primary call;
- Attended transfer,即supervised transfer,
Transferor与Transferee及Transfer Target间都存在呼叫;
成功的呼转并不改变Transferor与Transfe
- Path head – RFC3327
Path扩展可用于记录REGISTER从UA到regi
如果UA支持path扩展,
- Private - RFC3325
用于可信网络中判断终端用户、系统的身份;
- 信令压缩 - RFC3486
RFC3320,信令压缩规范,
URI参数 comp=SigComp
使用request URI与via、route头,指示节点的压缩支持;
- INFO - RFC2976
提供一种在sip session执行建立操作开始后,
- SIP-T – RFC3372
在SIP消息体中包装ISUP消息;使用INFO(RFC 2976)消息传输呼叫中的信令;
- SIP消息分段 – RFC3420
MIME类型message/sipfrag;
- SIP-Sec-Agree – RFC3329
安全协商,
允许UA与其第一跳服务器之间就后续通信中所使用的安全机制进行 协商;
- Media authorization – RFC3313
P-Media-Authorization
- 服务路由发现 - RFC3608
UA可以在发出的请求中包含一系列Route头,
Service-Route头,用于UA学习服务路由;
- IMS扩展头 – RFC3455
专用于3GPP IMS;
P-Charging-Vector,IMS计费ID(
P-Charging-Function-
P-Visited-Network-ID,
P-Access-Network-Info,
P-Called-Party-ID,
P-Associated-URI,
其他SIP相关RFC介绍
- RFC3665
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Basic Call Flow Examples
- 3PCC - RFC3725
3rd party call control in sip
- SDP – RFC2327 RFC3264 RFC4566
新的SDP标准是RFC4566(2006.7),
- RFC3960
Early Media and Ringing Tone Generation in the Session Initiation
- 服务器定位 –RFC3263
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP): Locating SIP Servers
- RFC2806
URLS for telephone calls
- RFC3108
Conventions for the use of the Session Description Protocol (SDP) for ATM Bearer Connections
- RFC3204
MIME media types for ISUP and QSIG Objects
- RFC3323
A Privacy Mechanism for SIP
- RFC3326
The Reason Header Field
相关规范列表
RFC 3261: SIP Session initiation protocol.
RFC 3263: Session Initiation Protocol (SIP): Locating SIP Servers.
RFC 2327: SDP Session Description Protocol.
RFC 3420: Internet Media Type message/ipfrag.
RFC 2976: The SIP INFO Method
RFC 2806: URLS for telephone calls
RFC 3108: Conventions for the use of the Session Description Protocol (SDP) for ATM Bearer Connections
RFC 3204: MIME media types for ISUP and QSIG Objects
RFC 3262: Reliability of Provisional Responses in SIP
RFC 3264: An Offer/Answer Model with the Session Description Protocol (SDP)
RFC 3265: SIP-Specific Event Notification
RFC 3310: HTTP Digest Authentication Using AKA
RFC 3311: The SIP UPDATE method
RFC 3313: Media Authorization
RFC 3323: A Privacy Mechanism for SIP
RFC 3325: Asserted Identity within Trusted Networks
RFC 3326: The Reason Header Field
RFC 3327: Extension Header Field for Registering Non-Adjacent Contacts (Path)
RFC 3372 : SIP for Telephones (SIP-T): Context and Architectures
RFC 3428: The SIP MESSAGE method
RFC 3455: Private Header Extensions to SIP for 3GPP
RFC 3515: The SIP REFER method
RFC 3581: An Extension to SIP for Symmetric Response Routing.
RFC 3608: SIP Extension Header Field for Service Route Discovery During Registration
RFC 3842: A Message Summary and Message Waiting Indication Event Package for SIP
RFC 3856: SIP Extensions for Presence
RFC 3891: The SIP "Replaces" Header
RFC 3892: The SIP Referred-By Mechanism
RFC 3959: early session disposition type for SDP
RFC 4028: Session Timers in SIP
RFC 5009:针对早期媒体授权的会话发起协议的隐私头部信息扩展
ITU-T T.38 Annex D (04/2004) and RFC 3362 for support of T.38 in SIP
IETF draft-levy-sip-diversion-08.
draft-ietf-sipping-kpml-07.
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4353
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4575
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4579
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5370
参考文献
[1] Miikka Poikselka等,The IMS IP Multimedia Concepts and Services,机械工业,2007.7;
[2] Dialogic,Dialogic Global Call IP,2008.3;