linux下oracle设置开机自启动实现方法

一、在Linux下启动Oracle

登录到CentOS，切换到oracle用户权限

# su – oracle

接着输入：

$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"

原本的画面会变为
SQL>

接着请输入
SQL> startup

就可以正常的启动数据库了。

另外停止数据库的指令如下：
SQL> shutdown immediate

二、检查Oracle DB监听器是否正常

回到终端机模式，输入：

$ lsnrctl status

检查看看监听器是否有启动

如果没有启动，可以输入：

$ lsnrctl start

启动监听器

SQL> conn sys@orcl as sysdba

然后输入密码，sys以sysdba身份登入数据库。

三、启动emctl

另外也可以发现http://localhost.localdomain:1158/em 目前是没有反应的，这边要另外启动，启动的指令如下：

$ emctl start dbconsole

这个指令运行时间较长，执行完的画面如下：

手动启动Oracle数据库完毕，下面创建系统自行启动Oracle的脚本。

四、Oracle启动&停止脚本

1. 修改Oracle系统配置文件：/etc/oratab，只有这样，Oracle 自带的dbstart和dbshut才能够发挥作用。

# vi /etc/oratab
orcl:/opt/oracle/102:Y

# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:

2. 在 /etc/init.d/ 下创建文件oracle，内容如下：

复制代码代码如下:

#!/bin/sh 
# chkconfig: 35 80 10 
# description: Oracle auto start-stop script. 
# 
# Set ORA_HOME to be equivalent to the $ORACLE_HOME 
# from which you wish to execute dbstart and dbshut; 
# 
# Set ORA_OWNER to the user id of the owner of the 
# Oracle database in ORA_HOME. 
ORA_HOME=/opt/oracle/102 
ORA_OWNER=oracle 
if [ ! -f $ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart ] 
then 
echo "Oracle startup: cannot start" 
exit 
fi 
case "$1" in 
'start') 
# Start the Oracle databases: 
echo "Starting Oracle Databases ... " 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
date +" %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Databases as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracle 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart" >>/var/log/oracle 
echo "Done" 
# Start the Listener: 
echo "Starting Oracle Listeners ... " 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
date +" %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Listeners as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracle 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start" >>/var/log/oracle 
echo "Done." 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
date +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
touch /var/lock/subsys/oracle 

'stop') 
# Stop the Oracle Listener: 
echo "Stoping Oracle Listeners ... " 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
date +" %T %a %D : Stoping Oracle Listener as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracle 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop" >>/var/log/oracle 
echo "Done." 
rm -f /var/lock/subsys/oracle 
# Stop the Oracle Database: 
echo "Stoping Oracle Databases ... " 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
date +" %T %a %D : Stoping Oracle Databases as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracle 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbshut" >>/var/log/oracle 
echo "Done." 
echo "" 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
date +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 

'restart') 
$0 stop 
$0 start 

esac 

3. 改变文件权限
# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/oracle

4. 添加服务
# chkconfig --level 35 oracle on

5. 需要在关机或重启机器之前停止数据库，做一下操作
# ln -s /etc/init.d/oracle /etc/rc0.d/K01oracle //关机
# ln -s /etc/init.d/oracle /etc/rc6.d/K01oracle //重启

6. 使用方法
# service oracle start //启动oracle
# service oracle stop //关闭oracle
# service oracle restart //重启oracle

7. 测试

a. 开机自启动

复制代码代码如下:

Last login: Mon Nov 26 19:57:06 2012 from 10.0.0.145 
[root@ORS ~]# su - oracle 
[oracle@ORS ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba" 

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Nov 26 20:07:33 2012 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. 


Connected to: 
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production 
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options 

SQL> set linesize 300; 
SQL> set pagesize 30; 
SQL> select * from scott.emp; 

EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO 
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- 
SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800 20 
ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30 
WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30 
JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20 
MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 28-SEP-81 1250 1400 30 
BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850 30 
CLARK MANAGER 7839 09-JUN-81 2450 10 
SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20 
KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81 5000 10 
TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 0 30 
ADAMS CLERK 7788 23-MAY-87 1100 20 
JAMES CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950 30 
FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000 20 
MILLER CLERK 7782 23-JAN-82 1300 10 
rows selected. 

SQL> 

b. service oracle stop

复制代码代码如下:

SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production 
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options 
[oracle@ORS ~]$ logout 
[root@ORS ~]# service oracle stop 
Stoping Oracle Listeners ... 
Done. 
Stoping Oracle Databases ... 
Done. 
[root@ORS ~]# su - oracle 
[oracle@ORS ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba" 
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Nov 26 20:17:20 2012 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. 
Connected to an idle instance. 
SQL> set linesize 300; 
SQL> set pagesize 30; 
SQL> select * from scott.emp; 
select * from scott.emp 
* 
ERROR at line 1: 
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available 
SQL> 

c. service oracle start

复制代码代码如下:

SQL> Disconnected 
[oracle@ORS ~]$ logout 
[root@ORS ~]# service oracle start 
Starting Oracle Databases ... 
Done 
Starting Oracle Listeners ... 
Done. 
[root@ORS ~]# 

d. service oracle restart

复制代码代码如下:

[root@ORS ~]# service oracle restart 
Stoping Oracle Listeners ... 
Done. 
Stoping Oracle Databases ... 
Done. 

Starting Oracle Databases ... 
Done 
Starting Oracle Listeners ... 
Done. 
[root@ORS ~]# 

至此，Oracle服务启动&停止脚本与开机自启动设置完毕。