Windows从noinstall zip安装MySQL免安装版

对于Windows的MySQL的安装其实很简单。个人推荐使用免安装版的MySQL，这种版本只要下来，解压缩后配置一下就可以使用了。而对那种安装包则就比较麻烦，本篇也不做介绍。因为周围有许多人的MySQL安装使用安装程序，而安装到一半，配置不会弄，MySQL数据库也弄的怪怪的。

第一步，下载MySQL的免安装版压缩包

好了，对于MySQL的免安装程序，我们先要下载一个MySQL的压缩包。下载地址：MySQL官网下载或者腾讯旋风分享下载。

说明：在MySQL下载的时候，会有个让你login或sign up的按钮，不用注册了，看下方有个 No thanks, just start my download.的链接。点击可直接下载，不用登录。

对于解压缩出来的MySQL，有几个配置文件样例，有my-small.ini、my-huge.ini等等，我们只要复制其中的一个，并命名为my.ini。

small、medium、large、huge、heavy的配置区别

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Small: System has Medium: System has at least 64MB memory Large: System has at least 512MB memory and the server will run mainly MySQL. Huge: System has at least 1GB memory and the server will run mainly MySQL. Heavy: System has at least 4GB memory and the server will run mainly MySQL.

第二步，配置MySQL

将第一步复制的配置文件my.ini打开，我们需要修改一下basedir（MySQL数据库的文件夹）和datadir（MySQL数据库的数据目录）。如下，

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# Example MySQL config file for medium systems. # # This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays # an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with # other programs (such as a web server) # # You can copy this file to # /etc/my.cnf to set global options, # mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options (in this # installation this directory is C:\mysql\data) or # ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options. # # In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports. # If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program # with the "--help" option.   # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients [client] #password   = your_password port        = 3306 socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock   # Here follows entries for some specific programs   # The MySQL server [mysqld] port        = 3306 socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock #skip-locking key_buffer = 16M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_cache = 64 sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M # set basedir to your installation path basedir =E:/Program Files (x86)1/mysql-5.5.27-winx64 # set datadir to the location of your data directory datadir =E:/Program Files (x86)1/mysql-5.5.27-winx64/data   # Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement, # if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host. # All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes. # Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows # (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless! # #skip-networking   # Disable Federated by default skip-federated   # Replication Master Server (default) # binary logging is required for replication log-bin =mysql-bin   # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set # but will not function as a master if omitted server-id   = 1   # Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this) # # To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between # two methods : # # 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) - #    the syntax is: # #    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>, #    MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ; # #    where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and #    <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default). # #    Example: # #    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306, #    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret'; # # OR # # 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then #    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example #    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to #    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later #    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and #    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown #    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server. #    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched #    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above) # # required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1 # (and different from the master) # defaults to 2 if master-host is set # but will not function as a slave if omitted #server-id       = 2 # # The replication master for this slave - required #master-host     =   <hostname> # # The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting # to the master - required #master-user     =   <username> # # The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to # the master - required #master-password =   <password> # # The port the master is listening on. # optional - defaults to 3306 #master-port     =  <port> # # binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended #log-bin=mysql-bin   # Point the following paths to different dedicated disks #tmpdir     = /tmp/ #log-update     = /path-to-dedicated-directory/hostname   # Uncomment the following if you are using BDB tables #bdb_cache_size = 4M #bdb_max_lock = 10000   # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables #innodb_data_home_dir = C:\mysql\data/ #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend #innodb_log_group_home_dir = C:\mysql\data/ #innodb_log_arch_dir = C:\mysql\data/ # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 % # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size #innodb_log_file_size = 5M #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50   [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M   [mysql] no-auto-rehash # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL #safe-updates   [isamchk] key_buffer = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M   [myisamchk] key_buffer = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M   [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout

将这两处的地址换成自己的MySQL的地址，已经date目录。注意斜线的方向，使用E:/Program Files/mysql-5.5.27-winx64或者E:\\Program Files\\mysql-5.5.27-winx64。仅有这两处需要改动，其他不必改动了，除非特殊需要。

第三步，启动MySQL

要启动MySQL也很简单，打开命令提示符。输入一下两个命令

1 2	cd /d E:\Program Files\mysql-5.5.27-winx64\bin\ mysqld --console

会出现一下内容就成功了。

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130317 20:11:05 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. 130317 20:11:05 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 130317 20:11:05 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use Windows interlocked functions 130317 20:11:05 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 130317 20:11:05 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 130317 20:11:05 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 130317 20:11:05 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda. 130317 20:11:06  InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start 130317 20:11:07 InnoDB: 1.1.8 started; log sequence number 14128205 130317 20:11:07 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '0.0.0.0'; port: 3306 130317 20:11:07 [Note]   - '0.0.0.0' resolves to '0.0.0.0'; 130317 20:11:07 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '0.0.0.0'. 130317 20:11:07 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events 130317 20:11:07 [Note] mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '5.5.27-log'  socket: ''  port: 3306  MySQL Community Server (GPL)

为了以后的方便，将里面的内容保存到startmysql.bat文件里，以后只要双击bat就可以运行mysql了。

第四步：更改MySQL密码

默认MySQL的root密码为空的，在某些地方，密码不能输入为空，所以需要更改密码。

首先先启动MySQL数据库，可以使用上面的bat启动MySQL。

然后根据下面的命令进行更改

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mysql -u root -p #从命令行中进入mysql的客户端 use mysql;  #使用mysql这个数据库 update user set password=password( "root" ) where user= "root" ; #对root密码进行更改 FLUSH PRIVILEGES; #刷新一下权限

安装到Windows service服务开机自动启动

如果需要将MySQL开机自动运行，并且以服务的形式存在，那么按照本方法进行即可。以服务的形式打开MySQL，就不用再适用上面的批处理文件了。

先停止MySQL Server的运行。以管理员方式运行命令提示符

向WINDOWS添加服务

1 2	E:\Program Files\mysql-5.5.27-winx64\bin>mysqld --install MySQL5.5 Service successfully installed.

使用mysqld 并使用参数--install MySQL5.5，说明向服务注册一个叫MySQL5.5的服务名，如果不加服务名，则使用默认的MySQL作为服务名。

注意：使用 --install 参数添加的服务为开机自动启动的。如果想要使用手工启动，那么使用参数 --install-manual代替。命令 mysqld --install-manual添加服务，需要手工启动服务。

启动MYSQL服务

第二步只是向Windows服务添加了一个MySQL5.5的服务，但是并没有启动。可以到Windows服务里启动，或者使用命令行(需要管理员权限)

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C:\> net start MySQL5.5 MySQL5.5 服务正在启动 . MySQL5.5 服务已经启动成功。

从服务中停止MYSQL服务

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C:\> net stop MySQL5.5 MySQL5.5 服务正在停止. MySQL5.5 服务已成功停止。

删除WINDOWS的MYSQL服务

1 2	E:\Program Files\mysql-5.5.27-winx64\bin>mysqld --remove MySQL5.5 Service successfully removed.